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雅思單字:城市與住房

城市與住房是雅思的重要主題,尤其是在全球越來越多人口居住在城市的背景下。寫作 Task 2 可能涉及交通 congestion、housing 成本上漲,或人們是否應從農村遷往 city。寫作 Task 1 常出現城鎮變遷地圖題,需要描述建築、道路和設施的詞彙。

本詞組提供關於地點、人群和問題的詞彙。對比 urban、rural、suburb、suburban,較小的聚居地用 town 和 village。住房:housing、accommodation、apartment、residential、resident。注意 accommodation 在英式英語中不可數:"There is not enough affordable accommodation for students." 社區生活:neighbourhood(英式拼寫)、facility、amenity——amenities 指公園、圖書館等讓生活更便利舒適的設施。

交通題需要 congestion、traffic、transport、transportation、commuter、pedestrian、vehicle、highway。例如:"Pedestrian zones in the city centre reduce congestion and make shopping more pleasant." 描述城市擴張及其問題,可以用 density、overcrowded、crowded、noise、slum。

地圖題和城市規劃題會用到 construction、architecture、building、skyscraper、planning、development、landscape。例如:"Between 2000 and 2020, the farmland to the north was replaced by a residential development." 這些詞能幫你清晰、準確地描述變化。

城市詞彙也常出現在聽力的地圖和平面圖題中,錄音會介紹校園、公園或新建住宅區的佈局。提前掌握 pedestrian、residential、facility 等詞,能讓你更輕鬆地跟上方位描述,並正確拼寫答案。

每天進行簡短練習:今天學的詞明天隔夜複習,之後間隔逐步拉長。每次學完,用五句話描述你居住的區域,提到住房、交通和設施,並使用本詞組的單字。

學習這 35 個單字 做個測驗

單字音標詞性英文釋義中文等級
city/ˈsɪti/n.a heavily populated area with many buildings and roadsn. 城市;都市A1
urban/ˈɜːbən/adj.concerning a city; located in a cityadj. 城市的;城鎮的B2
rural/ˈrʊərəl/adj.relating to parts of a country that are outside towns and cities, with fields, woods, etc.adj. 農村的;鄉村的B2
suburb/ˈsʌbɜːb/n.A mainly residential area outside a city's central partn. 城郊;近郊住宅區B1
suburban/sə'bə:bən/adj.relating to or characteristic of or situated in suburbsadj. 郊外的, 郊區的, (貶)偏狹的, 土氣的, 見識不廣的;n. 郊區居民L2
town/taʊn/n.small cityn. 城鎮;市鎮;n. 市中心;商業區A1
village/ˈvɪlɪdʒ/n.small town in the countryn. 村莊;n. 全村居民A1
housing/'hausiŋ/n.structures collectively in which people are housed; a protective cover designed to contain or support a mechanical componentn. 遮蓋, 住房供給, 居留(處), 房屋, 裝飾L1
accommodation/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən/n.a place to stay, often a hoteln. 住處;住宿;n. 和解;遷就性安排B1
apartment/əˈpɑːtmənt/n.set of rooms to live in on one floor of a buildingn. 公寓;套房A2
residential/.rezi'denʃəl/adj.used or designed for residence or limited to residences; of or relating to or connected with residenceadj. 住宅的, 與居住有關的L2
resident/ˈrezɪdənt/n.someone who lives in a particular placen. 居民;住戶;adj. 居住的;常駐的B2
neighbourhood/ˈneɪbəhʊd/n.An area around people's homes within a town or cityn. 街區;附近地區;n. 街坊鄰里A2
congestion/kənˈdʒestʃən/n.a situation where overcrowding prevents easy movementn. 交通擁堵;擁塞;n. 鼻塞;充血B2
traffic/ˈtræfɪk/n.amount of activity over a communication systemn. 交通;路上車輛;n. 通信量;網絡流量A2
transport/ˈtrænspɔːt/n.to carry things from one place to anothern. 交通運輸;交通工具;v. 運輸;運送A2
transportation/ˌtrænspɔːˈteɪʃən/n.act, system, or business of moving people or goods from one place to anothern. 運輸;交通運輸系統B1
commuter/kə'mju:tə/n.a passenger train that is ridden primarily by passengers who travel regularly from one place to another; someone who travels regularly from home in a suburb to work in a cityn. 乘公共車輛上下班者, 月季票乘客L2
pedestrian/pəˈdestriən/n.a person walking rather than travelling in a vehiclen. 行人;adj. 行人的;供步行的B2
vehicle/ˈviːəkl/n.machine (such as a car) that is used to carry thingsn. 車輛;交通工具;n. 媒介;表達工具B1
highway/ˈhaɪweɪ/n.a main public road connecting towns or citiesn. 公路;幹道B1
facility/fəˈsɪləti/n.piece of equipment or buildings with a special usen. 設施;專用場所;n. 功能;服務B2
amenity/ə'mi:niti/n.n pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditionsn. 便利設施, 適意, 禮儀L3
density/'densiti/n.number of people or things in a particular arean. 密度L2
overcrowded/ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪd/adj.v cause to crowd together too much; v crowd together too muchadj. 擠滿的; 過度擁擠的;v. 擁擠(overcrowd的過去式和過去分詞)L3
construction/kənˈstrʌkʃən/n.act of building something; thing that is builtn. 建設;建造;n. 建造物;構造物B2
architecture/ˈɑːkɪtektʃə/n.design and construction of buildingsn. 建築學;建築設計;n. 建築風格B1
building/ˈbɪldɪŋ/n.a structure with walls and a roofn. 建築物;樓房;n. 建築;建造A1
skyscraper/ˈskaɪskreɪpə/n.An extremely tall building with many floorsn. 摩天大樓B1
planningn.an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action; the act or process of drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprisen. 計劃的制訂, 策劃, 設計, 規劃L1
crowded/ˈkraʊdɪd/adj.Containing so many people or things that little space remainsadj. 擁擠的;擠滿的A2
noise/nɔɪz/n.a loud or unpleasant soundn. 噪音;響聲A2
slum/slʌm/n.a poor urban area with overcrowded housing in bad conditionn. 貧民窟B2
development/dɪˈveləpmənt/n.act or process of growing bigger or more advancedn. 發展;發育;n. 開發;研製B1
landscape/ˈlændskeɪp/n.a large area of countryside or land that has a particular quality or appearancen. 風景;地貌;n. 局面;格局B2

其他話題

資料來源與致謝