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雅思單字:食物與農業

食物與農業把個人習慣和全球議題聯繫在一起,所以在雅思中很常見。口語 Part 1 可能問你平時吃什麼、喜不喜歡做飯;寫作 Task 2 則可能涉及快餐、vegetarian 飲食、世界 hunger 問題,或 genetically modified 作物的使用。好的回答能在廚房和農田之間自如切換。

本詞組整理了關於生產、購買和食用食物的詞彙。農業:agriculture、agricultural、farm、farmer、farming、crop、harvest、cultivate、livestock、cattle、grain、wheat、rice、irrigation、fertiliser、soil。注意英式拼寫 fertiliser;produce 作名詞時指新鮮農產品,如 local produce(重音在第一個音節)。

食物與飲食:ingredient、recipe、meal、snack、protein、fat、sugar、beverage,以及 vegetarian 和 vegan。vegetarian 不吃肉,vegan 不食用任何動物製品,這個區別值得用準。processed 食品是常見作文話題:"Processed food is cheap and convenient, but it often contains too much sugar and fat."

全球議題需要 hunger、famine、supermarket,有關科技的討論則用 genetically modified:"Genetically modified crops could reduce hunger, but some people worry about their long-term effects." restaurant 和 fast food 則補全了現代飲食習慣的圖景。

食物話題也很適合練習因果表達。例如:"Because farmers use more fertiliser, harvests have grown, but soil quality has declined in some regions." 用 because、so、but 把兩三個話題詞連接起來,就能寫出高分段需要的完整、有邏輯的長句。

每天進行簡短練習:今天遇到的詞明天隔夜複習,隨著熟悉程度間隔逐漸拉長。每次學完,描述一道你家鄉的傳統菜,列出配料並說明做法,使用本詞組的單字。

學習這 36 個單字 做個測驗

單字音標詞性英文釋義中文等級
food/fuːd/n.what people and animals eat to liven. 食物;食品A1
agriculture/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə/n.the science of farmingn. 農業B2
agricultural/ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/adj.concerning farmingadj. 農業的;農用的B2
farm/fɑːm/n.land used for growing crops or raising animalsn. 農場;v. 務農;耕種;養殖A1
farmer/ˈfɑːmə/n.someone who owns or looks after farm, a place for growing crops and keeping animalsn. 農民;農場主A1
farming/ˈfɑːmɪŋ/n.Growing crops or raising animals for food and other productsn. 農業;農場經營B1
crop/krɒp/n.plants grown on a farm for food (e.g., corn or rice)n. 莊稼;農作物;n. 一季的收成B1
harvest/ˈhɑːvɪst/n.the time of year to bring crops in from the fieldsn. 收割;收成;v. 收割;採收B2
cultivate/ˈkʌltɪveɪt/v.To prepare land for crops or grow plantsv. 耕作;栽培;v. 培養;發展C1
livestock/ˈlaɪvstɒk/n.farm animals kept for food, materials, or workn. 牲畜;家畜B2
cattle/ˈkætl/n.cows or bulls on a farmn. 牛;牛群B1
grain/ɡreɪn/n.seeds of plants used for foodn. 穀物;糧食;n. 顆粒;細粒B1
wheat/wiːt/n.a kind of grain that is used to make flour for breadn. 小麥B1
rice/raɪs/n.white or brown grains from a plant used for foodn. 大米;米飯;稻A1
irrigation/ˌɪrɪˈɡeɪʃən/n.supplying land with water using pipesn. 灌溉C1
fertiliser/'fə:tilaizə/n any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertileL3
soil/sɔɪl/n.top layer of earth in which plants grown. 土壤;v. 弄髒B1
produce/prəˈdjuːs/; /ˈprɒdjuːs/v.to manufacture something using machinesv. 生產;創作;v. 產生;引起B1
processedadj.subjected to a special process or treatment; prepared or converted from a natural state by subjecting to a special processadj. 處理的, 加工過的L3
ingredient/ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/n.one of the foods used to prepare a dishn. 配料;食材;n. 要素;因素B1
recipe/ˈresəpi/n.directions for making somethingn. 食譜;烹飪方法;n. 促成某結果的方法或因素B1
meal/miːl/n.food for eating at a particular time (e.g., dinner)n. 一餐;一頓飯A1
snack/snæk/n.A small amount of food eaten between main mealsn. 零食;小吃;v. 吃零食;吃點心A2
vegetarian/ˌvedʒɪˈteəriən/n.A person who does not eat meat or fishn. 素食者;adj. 素食的;不含肉魚的B1
vegan/ˈviːɡən/n.Someone who avoids animal foods and usually other animal productsn. 純素食者;adj. 純素的;不含動物製品的B2
protein/ˈprəʊtiːn/n.a substance found in some foods, such as meat, that is needed by the body to stay healthyn. 蛋白質B2
fat/fæt/n.oily part of meatn. 脂肪;食用油脂;adj. 肥胖的;肥的A2
sugar/ˈʃʊɡə/n.white sweet substance used to make foods sweetern. 糖;食糖A1
beverage/ˈbevərɪdʒ/n.A drink, such as tea, juice, or coffeen. 飲料B2
restaurant/ˈrestrɒnt/n.place where you can order, buy and eat a mealn. 餐館;餐廳A1
fast/fɑːst/adj.moving or able to move quicklyadj. 快速的;adv. 迅速地;快A1
hunger/ˈhʌŋɡə/n.feeling of needing to eat foodn. 飢餓;食物匱乏;n. 渴望B1
famine/ˈfæmɪn/n.a severe shortage of food affecting many peoplen. 饑荒B2
geneticallyadv.caused or controlled, or by genesadv. 創始, 遺傳學, 生殖, 基因, 遺傳, 發生L2
modified/ˈmɒdɪfaɪd/adj.Changed partly to suit a purpose or improve how something worksadj. 經修改的;經調整的B2
supermarket/ˈsuːpəmɑːkɪt/n.a large shop selling food and other everyday goodsn. 超級市場;超市A1

其他話題

資料來源與致謝