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雅思單字:經濟與金錢

雅思中的經濟題通常關乎日常生活而非理論:貧富差距是否在擴大?政府是否應提高 taxation 來支付公共服務?為什麼年輕人越來越難以 afford 住房?寫作 Task 1 也常出現支出、價格或 income 相關的數據,所以本詞組對兩項寫作任務都有幫助。

本詞組彙集了從國家到個人層面談論金錢所需的詞彙。國家經濟:economy、economic、growth、inflation、recession、currency、subsidy。注意 economic(與經濟有關的,如 economic growth)和 economical(節省的)的區別,economics 則是"經濟學"這門學科。不平等話題:poverty、wealth、wealthy、inequality、welfare、prosperity。

個人理財同樣重要。saving、spending、expenditure、debt、mortgage、rent、insurance 可以用來討論家庭如何管理開支。affordable 在住房和教育題中尤其常用:"Governments should build more affordable homes in big cities." 對比生活必需品和非必需品時,可以用 luxury。

談論國家時,developing 和 developed 是中性、通用的說法,standard of living 描述人們生活的舒適程度。地道搭配能讓文章更自然:interest rates rise and fall、governments impose taxes、take out a mortgage、pay off a debt。

寫作 Task 1 的很多圖表展示家庭支出、物價或平均收入的變化。把本詞組與趨勢詞組結合使用,可以寫出 "Expenditure on housing rose sharply, while spending on luxury goods remained stable." 這樣的句子:準確的話題名詞加上恰當的趨勢動詞,描述就會清晰有條理。

每天用卡片練習幾分鐘:新詞明天隔夜複習,之後隨著熟悉程度逐步拉開間隔。學完後,試著用五句話概括你所在國家的經濟狀況,涵蓋物價、就業和生活成本,並用上本詞組的單字。

學習這 40 個單字 做個測驗

單字音標詞性英文釋義中文等級
economy/ɪˈkɒnəmi/n.total of all the goods, services, and wages in an arean. 經濟;經濟體;n. 節約;節省B1
economic/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/adj.having to do with trade, industry, and moneyadj. 經濟的;經濟學的B1
economics/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/n.The study of how societies produce, distribute, and use resourcesn. 經濟學;n. 經濟因素;經濟可行性B1
inflation/ɪnˈfleɪʃən/n.continual rise in the prices of productsn. 通貨膨脹;n. 充氣B2
recession/rɪˈseʃən/n.A period when economic activity falls and many businesses strugglen. 經濟衰退;n. 退縮;消退B2
growth/ɡrəʊθ/n.act of growingn. 增長;增加;n. 生長;成長;發展B1
poverty/ˈpɒvəti/n.being poorn. 貧窮;貧困;n. 匱乏;貧乏B1
wealth/welθ/n.large amount of money and possessionsn. 財富;富有;n. 大量;豐富B2
wealthy/ˈwelθi/adj.having a great amount of money or propertyadj. 富有的;富裕的B2
tax/tæks/n.money taken by a government from its peoplen. 稅;稅款;v. 對……徵稅B1
taxation/tækˈseɪʃən/n.The system or process of collecting money through taxesn. 徵稅;稅制C1
subsidy/ˈsʌbsədi/n.Money provided to support activities or keep prices lowern. 補貼;補助金C1
debt/det/n.the sum of money owed to somebody that is not yet paidn. 債務;欠款;n. 人情債;恩情B2
interest/ˈɪntrəst/n.to make someone want to know about somethingn. 興趣;關注;n. 利息A2
currency/ˈkʌrənsi/n.a money system that a country usesn. 貨幣;通貨;n. 流傳;通行B1
exchange/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/v.to give things of similar value to each otherv. 交換;兌換;n. 交換;交流B1
financial/faɪˈnænʃəl/adj.involving moneyadj. 財務的;財政的;金融的B1
bank/bæŋk/n.a financial institution that keeps or lends moneyn. 銀行;n. 河岸;湖岸A1
saving/ˈseɪvɪŋ/n.a reduction in the money, time, or resources usedn. 節省;節省的金額;n. 儲蓄;存款B1
spending/'spendiŋ/n.the act of spending or disbursing moneyn. 經費, 開銷L1
expenditure/ɪkˈspendɪtʃə/n.amount of money used during a certain timen. 支出;花費;n. 精力或時間的消耗C1
cost/kɒst/n.price you pay for somethingn. 費用;成本;v. 價錢為;使花費A2
price/praɪs/n.to determine or set the cost of somethingn. 價格;價錢;n. 代價A1
afford/əˈfɔːd/v.to have enough money to pay for somethingv. 買得起;承擔得起;v. 提供;給予B1
affordable/əˈfɔːdəbl/adj.Not too expensive for someone to pay foradj. 負擔得起的B2
luxury/ˈlʌkʃəri/n.something expensive or costly that is not needed which is bought for pleasuren. 奢華;奢侈的享受;n. 奢侈品;非必需的享受B1
inequality/.ini'kwɒliti/n.situation where things are not equal/fairn. 不平等, 不同, 不平坦, 不平均;n. 不平等, 不等式L2
capital/ˈkæpɪtəl/n.main, or majorn. 首都;首府;省會;n. 資本;資金B1
fund/fʌnd/n.to supply money for somethingn. 基金;專用資金;n. 資金;財力B2
welfare/ˈwelfeə/n.a government program to help poor peoplen. 健康幸福;福祉;n. 社會福利;救濟B2
benefit/ˈbenɪfɪt/n.good result or effect, something advantageousn. 好處;益處;v. 使受益;得益於B1
insurance/ɪnˈʃʊərəns/n.payments to cover potential loss/damage/injury/deathn. 保險;n. 防範措施;保障B1
mortgage/ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ/n.long-term loan from a bank for buying propertyn. 住房抵押貸款;v. 將房產抵押借款B2
rent/rent/n.to pay money for the use of somethingn. 租金;v. 租用;租借A2
tourism/ˈtʊərɪzəm/n.traveling to new places (e.g., abroad, for vacations)n. 旅遊業;觀光旅遊A2
developing/dɪˈveləpɪŋ/adj.Becoming more economically advanced, often with improving living standardsadj. 發展中的;adj. 逐漸形成的;成長中的B1
developed/di'veləpid/adj.being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful; (used of societies) having high industrial developmentadj. 發達的(國家或地區);成熟的L2
prosperity/prɒˈsperəti/n.The state of being economically successful and financially securen. 繁榮;富足C1
standard/ˈstændəd/n.accepted level of quality; an official measurementn. 標準;水準;adj. 標準的;通常的B1
living/ˈlɪvɪŋ/adj.Alive now, rather than dead or without lifeadj. 活著的;有生命的;n. 生計;謀生收入B1

其他話題

資料來源與致謝