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雅思單字:社會與家庭

社會類題目要求你思考人們如何共同生活。雅思常見話題包括 family 生活的變化、現代社會中 tradition 的作用、immigration、gender equality,以及大城市中日益突出的 loneliness 問題。這類題目青睞能夠冷靜、準確地討論敏感議題的考生。

本詞組整理了關於人群、群體和社會變遷的詞彙。家庭與人生階段:household、marriage、divorce、parent、childhood、adolescent、teenager、youth、adult。社區與公民:community、population、generation、citizen、citizenship。代際問題很常見,建議練習 the generation gap、younger generations 等短語。

文化與身份認同需要 culture、custom、tradition、traditional、religion、ethnic、identity。談人口流動時,注意區分 immigrant(移入定居者)、migrant(遷移者,常因工作)以及 immigration、migration 這兩個過程。談公平問題,equality、discrimination、minority、diversity、racism 必不可少,並應在平衡的表述中使用,例如:"Laws against discrimination protect minority groups and make society fairer."

社會問題與解決辦法也在本詞組中:homeless、isolation、loneliness 描述困境,volunteer 和 charity 描述互助。behaviour、attitude、lifestyle 是幾乎所有口語回答都能用到的通用詞。defend 也收錄在這裡:人們捍衛自己的權利、傳統和觀點。

請記住,其中很多詞比較敏感。優先使用 older people、people from minority groups 等中性表達,避免對整個國家或宗教一概而論。冷靜、平衡的語氣本身就是高分回答的一部分,也會讓你的論點在考官看來更有說服力。

每天小步學習:今天的新詞明天隔夜複習,之後間隔逐步拉長。為了主動運用,選一個你觀察到的社會變化(比如晚婚現象),用本詞組的詞寫一小段,解釋其原因和影響。

學習這 44 個單字 做個測驗

單字音標詞性英文釋義中文等級
society/səˈsaɪəti/n.community of people living togethern. 社會;n. 協會;社團B1
community/kəˈmjuːnəti/n.group of people who share a common idea or arean. 社區;當地居民;n. 群體;共同體B1
population/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃən/n.number of people who live in a country, area, etc.n. 人口;全體居民;n. 種群B1
generation/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən/n.people born and living at about the same timen. 一代人;一代;n. 產生;發電B1
tradition/trəˈdɪʃən/n.way of thinking, and behaving that was used for a long timen. 傳統;慣例B1
traditional/trəˈdɪʃənəl/adj.involved in a traditionadj. 傳統的;沿襲已久的A2
culture/ˈkʌltʃə/n.beliefs and customs of a particular groupn. 文化;習俗;n. 文化藝術活動B1
custom/ˈkʌstəm/n.what is usual or normaln. 風俗;慣例;adj. 定製的B1
family/ˈfæməli/n.a group of people who are related through bloodn. 家庭;家人;親屬;n. 科;語族;同類群A1
household/ˈhaʊshəʊld/n.all the people who live in a house; a familyn. 一戶;同住的一家人;adj. 家庭的;家用的B2
marriage/ˈmærɪdʒ/n.formal relationship between a husband and a wifen. 婚姻;結婚;n. 緊密結合B1
divorce/dɪˈvɔːs/n.legal ending of a marriagen. 離婚;v. 與…離婚;離婚B1
parent/ˈpeərənt/n.person's mother or fathern. 父親或母親;n. 母公司A1
childhood/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/n.the time when you are a childn. 童年;幼年時期B1
adolescent/ˌædəˈlesənt/n.Teenager developing into an adultn. 青少年;adj. 青春期的;青少年的B2
teenager/ˈtiːneɪdʒə/n.a person between the ages of 13 and 19n. 十三至十九歲青少年A2
youth/juːθ/n.when you are young; a young personn. 青年時期;青春;n. 青年群體B1
adult/ˈædʌlt/n.person or animal that is fully grownn. 成年人;成年動物;adj. 成年的;成年人的A1
gender/ˈdʒendə/n.state of being male or femalen. 性別;n. 語法性B2
equality/i:'kwɒliti/n.the idea that all people have the same rightsn. 平等, 均勻, 相等L2
discrimination/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/n.the ability to recognize the difference between things; treating different groups of people unfairlyn. 歧視;n. 辨別力;鑑別B2
minority/mai'nɒriti/n.a part of a group that is less than half of the whole; a small partn. 少數, 未成年, 少數民族;adj. 少數的, 屬於少數派的L1
immigrant/'imigrənt/n.person moving to another country to live theren. 移民;adj. 移入的, 移民的L1
immigration/ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/n.the act of moving from one country to another for goodn. 移民入境;移居;n. 入境檢查;入境檢查處B2
migrant/'maigrənt/n.traveler who moves from one region or country to another; habitually moving from place to place especially in search of seasonal workn. 候鳥, 移居者L2
migration/maɪˈɡreɪʃən/n.the process by which people or animals move to another placen. 人口遷移;移居;n. 動物遷徙B2
citizen/ˈsɪtɪzən/n.person who belongs to and has rights in a countryn. 公民;n. 市民;居民B1
citizenship/ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/n.the legal status of belonging to a particular countryn. 公民身份;公民資格;n. 公民責任與行為B2
volunteer/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/n.someone who works willingly without payn. 志願者;義工;v. 自願做;主動提供B1
charity/ˈtʃærəti/n.organization providing help to the needy, the sickn. 慈善機構;n. 慈善;救濟B1
homeless/ˈhəʊmləs/adj.Without a permanent place to liveadj. 無家可歸的B2
diversity/daɪˈvɜːsəti/n.state or quality of having a range of different thingsn. 多樣性;差異性B2
identity/aɪˈdentəti/n.who someone is; the collection of qualities that makes a personn. 身份;n. 特性;認同感B1
religion/rɪˈlɪdʒən/n.set of beliefs about a god or godsn. 宗教;宗教信仰B1
religious/ri'lidʒəs/adj.concerning religion or faithadj. 宗教性的, 虔誠的, 宗教上的, 嚴謹的;n. 修道士, 出家人L1
ethnic/'eθnik/adj.connected with people who share a cultural traditionadj. 人種的, 種族的L1
racism/'reisizm/n.the prejudice that members of one race are intrinsically superior to members of other races; discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another racen. 種族主義, 種族偏見L2
behaviour/bɪˈheɪvjə/n.The way a person or animal actsn. 行為;舉止;n. 運行方式;反應特性A2
attitude/ˈætɪtjuːd/n.way you act, think, and feel about somethingn. 態度;看法B1
lifestyle/ˈlaɪfstaɪl/n.the type of life that you haven. 生活方式B1
individual/ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/adj.single person, looked at separately from othersadj. 個人的;單獨的;n. 個人;個體B1
isolation/ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən/n.The state of being separated from other people or placesn. 孤立;隔絕;n. 隔離B2
loneliness/ˈləʊnlinəs/n.Sadness caused by feeling alone or lacking close relationshipsn. 孤獨;寂寞B2
defend/dɪˈfend/v.to protect against an attackv. 保護;保衛;v. 辯護;捍衛B1

其他話題

資料來源與致謝