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雅思词汇:城市与住房

城市与住房是雅思的重要主题,尤其是在全球越来越多人口居住在城市的背景下。写作 Task 2 可能涉及交通 congestion、housing 成本上涨,或人们是否应从农村迁往 city。写作 Task 1 常出现城镇变迁地图题,需要描述建筑、道路和设施的词汇。

本词组提供关于地点、人群和问题的词汇。对比 urban、rural、suburb、suburban,较小的聚居地用 town 和 village。住房:housing、accommodation、apartment、residential、resident。注意 accommodation 在英式英语中不可数:"There is not enough affordable accommodation for students." 社区生活:neighbourhood(英式拼写)、facility、amenity——amenities 指公园、图书馆等让生活更便利舒适的设施。

交通题需要 congestion、traffic、transport、transportation、commuter、pedestrian、vehicle、highway。例如:"Pedestrian zones in the city centre reduce congestion and make shopping more pleasant." 描述城市扩张及其问题,可以用 density、overcrowded、crowded、noise、slum。

地图题和城市规划题会用到 construction、architecture、building、skyscraper、planning、development、landscape。例如:"Between 2000 and 2020, the farmland to the north was replaced by a residential development." 这些词能帮你清晰、准确地描述变化。

城市词汇也常出现在听力的地图和平面图题中,录音会介绍校园、公园或新建住宅区的布局。提前掌握 pedestrian、residential、facility 等词,能让你更轻松地跟上方位描述,并正确拼写答案。

每天进行简短练习:今天学的词明天隔夜复习,之后间隔逐步拉长。每次学完,用五句话描述你居住的区域,提到住房、交通和设施,并使用本词组的单词。

学习这 35 个单词 做个测验

单词音标词性英文释义中文等级
city/ˈsɪti/n.a heavily populated area with many buildings and roadsn. 城市;都市A1
urban/ˈɜːbən/adj.concerning a city; located in a cityadj. 城市的;城镇的B2
rural/ˈrʊərəl/adj.relating to parts of a country that are outside towns and cities, with fields, woods, etc.adj. 农村的;乡村的B2
suburb/ˈsʌbɜːb/n.A mainly residential area outside a city's central partn. 城郊;近郊住宅区B1
suburban/sə'bə:bən/adj.relating to or characteristic of or situated in suburbsadj. 郊外的, 郊区的, (贬)偏狭的, 土气的, 见识不广的;n. 郊区居民L2
town/taʊn/n.small cityn. 城镇;市镇;n. 市中心;商业区A1
village/ˈvɪlɪdʒ/n.small town in the countryn. 村庄;n. 全村居民A1
housing/'hausiŋ/n.structures collectively in which people are housed; a protective cover designed to contain or support a mechanical componentn. 遮盖, 住房供给, 居留(处), 房屋, 装饰L1
accommodation/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən/n.a place to stay, often a hoteln. 住处;住宿;n. 和解;迁就性安排B1
apartment/əˈpɑːtmənt/n.set of rooms to live in on one floor of a buildingn. 公寓;套房A2
residential/.rezi'denʃəl/adj.used or designed for residence or limited to residences; of or relating to or connected with residenceadj. 住宅的, 与居住有关的L2
resident/ˈrezɪdənt/n.someone who lives in a particular placen. 居民;住户;adj. 居住的;常驻的B2
neighbourhood/ˈneɪbəhʊd/n.An area around people's homes within a town or cityn. 街区;附近地区;n. 街坊邻里A2
congestion/kənˈdʒestʃən/n.a situation where overcrowding prevents easy movementn. 交通拥堵;拥塞;n. 鼻塞;充血B2
traffic/ˈtræfɪk/n.amount of activity over a communication systemn. 交通;路上车辆;n. 通信量;网络流量A2
transport/ˈtrænspɔːt/n.to carry things from one place to anothern. 交通运输;交通工具;v. 运输;运送A2
transportation/ˌtrænspɔːˈteɪʃən/n.act, system, or business of moving people or goods from one place to anothern. 运输;交通运输系统B1
commuter/kə'mju:tə/n.a passenger train that is ridden primarily by passengers who travel regularly from one place to another; someone who travels regularly from home in a suburb to work in a cityn. 乘公共车辆上下班者, 月季票乘客L2
pedestrian/pəˈdestriən/n.a person walking rather than travelling in a vehiclen. 行人;adj. 行人的;供步行的B2
vehicle/ˈviːəkl/n.machine (such as a car) that is used to carry thingsn. 车辆;交通工具;n. 媒介;表达工具B1
highway/ˈhaɪweɪ/n.a main public road connecting towns or citiesn. 公路;干道B1
facility/fəˈsɪləti/n.piece of equipment or buildings with a special usen. 设施;专用场所;n. 功能;服务B2
amenity/ə'mi:niti/n.n pleasantness resulting from agreeable conditionsn. 便利设施, 适意, 礼仪L3
density/'densiti/n.number of people or things in a particular arean. 密度L2
overcrowded/ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪd/adj.v cause to crowd together too much; v crowd together too muchadj. 挤满的; 过度拥挤的;v. 拥挤(overcrowd的过去式和过去分词)L3
construction/kənˈstrʌkʃən/n.act of building something; thing that is builtn. 建设;建造;n. 建造物;构造物B2
architecture/ˈɑːkɪtektʃə/n.design and construction of buildingsn. 建筑学;建筑设计;n. 建筑风格B1
building/ˈbɪldɪŋ/n.a structure with walls and a roofn. 建筑物;楼房;n. 建筑;建造A1
skyscraper/ˈskaɪskreɪpə/n.An extremely tall building with many floorsn. 摩天大楼B1
planningn.an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action; the act or process of drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprisen. 计划的制订, 策划, 设计, 规划L1
crowded/ˈkraʊdɪd/adj.Containing so many people or things that little space remainsadj. 拥挤的;挤满的A2
noise/nɔɪz/n.a loud or unpleasant soundn. 噪音;响声A2
slum/slʌm/n.a poor urban area with overcrowded housing in bad conditionn. 贫民窟B2
development/dɪˈveləpmənt/n.act or process of growing bigger or more advancedn. 发展;发育;n. 开发;研制B1
landscape/ˈlændskeɪp/n.a large area of countryside or land that has a particular quality or appearancen. 风景;地貌;n. 局面;格局B2

其他话题

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