雅思词汇：学术词汇
学术词汇是指跨越多个学科、而非局限于某一话题的词汇。它们对雅思阅读尤其重要，因为阅读文章多采用学术文体；在写作 Task 2 中，正式词汇也能让论证更精确。本词组选自新学术词表（New Academic Word List），该词表基于大量大学文本统计而成。
这些词大致可分为几类。一类描述研究与推理：empirical、inference、validity、methodology、paradigm、correlation。一类帮助你组织和连接观点：aspect、domain、scenario，以及 namely、thereby、essentially 等连接词。还有一类描述数量与变化：distribution、magnitude、threshold、variance、intensity、transformation。
其中很多词比较正式，应在合适的语境中自然使用。作文里，"The impact of social media on young people is significant" 比塞满生僻词的复杂句子更清楚。选一个恰好表达你意思的学术词即可：facilitate（使便利）、obtain（获得）、precede（先于）、initiate（启动）、inhibit（抑制）。每个词都能替换一个较模糊的表达，提升"词汇丰富程度"得分。
注意词族差异。explicit 与 explicitly、comparative 与 comparable、diverse 与 diversity、evident 与 evidence 在句中的用法各不相同。学习每张卡片时，看看背面的词性，并试着造一个短句。有例句的卡片会展示自然的搭配，如 have an impact on、obtain permission。
每天进行简短学习：新词明天隔夜复习，之后随着记忆巩固逐步拉开间隔。由于本词组较大，建议把"每日新词数"设为适中的十到二十个，让每天的复习量保持可控。
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 英文释义 | 中文 | 等级 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| repertoire | /ˈrepətwɑː/ | n. | a collection of skills or accomplishments. | n. 全部演出曲目或剧目；n. 全部技能；方法储备 | C1 |
| obtain | /əbˈteɪn/ | v. | To be given or to earn something through efforts | v. 获得；取得 | B2 |
| distribution | /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/ | n. | #NAME? | n. 分发；分配；n. 分布 | B2 |
| parameter | /pəˈræmɪtə/ | n. | a characteristic or constant factor, a limit. | n. 参数；n. 限定条件；范围 | C1 |
| aspect | /'æspekt/ | n. | an element, feature, or quality of something | n. 外观, 方面, 面貌, 方向 | L1 |
| dynamic | /daɪˈnæmɪk/ | adj. | always active or changing; in physics: a force related to motion | adj. 有活力的；积极进取的；adj. 动态的；不断变化的 | B2 |
| impact | /ˈɪmpækt/ | n. | a striking effect or result to hit with force | n. 影响；作用；n. 撞击；冲击 | B2 |
| domain | /dəˈmeɪn/ | n. | a field of action, thought or influence; an area of knowledge | n. 领域；范围；n. 领地；管辖范围 | C1 |
| denote | /dɪˈnəʊt/ | v. | be a name or symbol for | v. 表示；指代 | C1 |
| semantic | /si'mæntik/ | adj. | the different meanings of words | adj. 语义的 | L3 |
| ion | /'aiən/ | n. | a charged atom | n. 离子 | L3 |
| matrix | /'meitriks/ | n. | a substance, situation, or environment in which something has its origin - in math: an arrangement of numbers in rows and columns | n. 母体, 子宫, 基质, 脉石, 模型, 矩阵 | L2 |
| linear | /'liniə/ | adj. | made of lines | adj. 线的, 直线的, 线状的 | L2 |
| cognitive | /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ | adj. | the process of knowing and remembering | adj. 认知的 | C1 |
| graph | /græf/ | n. | image expressing numerical data in lines or shapes | n. 曲线图, 图表, 图形 | L3 |
| correlation | /ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃən/ | n. | a measure of the relationship between two variables | n. 相关性；关联 | B2 |
| linguistic | /liŋ'^wistik/ | adj. | belonging to language | adj. 语言的, 语言学的 | L2 |
| acid | /ˈæsɪd/ | n. | sour substance that reacts with metals e.g. lemon | n. 酸；酸性物质；adj. 酸性的；酸味的 | B2 |
| induce | /in'dju:s/ | v. | to cause, to persuade | v. 引诱, 招致, 归纳出, 感应 | L2 |
| velocity | /vəˈlɒsəti/ | n. | speed in a given direction | n. 速度；速率 | C1 |
| interval | /ˈɪntəvəl/ | n. | the distance between two points, numbers or times | n. 间隔；间距；n. 幕间休息 | B2 |
| discourse | /ˈdɪskɔːs/ | n. | talk, conversation | n. 正式讨论；论述；n. 话语；语篇 | C1 |
| finite | /ˈfaɪnaɪt/ | adj. | having limits; lasting for a limited time | adj. 有限的；adj. 限定的（动词形式） | C1 |
| stimulus | /ˈstɪmjələs/ | n pl. | something that makes a change. | n. 促进因素；刺激；n. 刺激物；刺激因素 | C1 |
| vector | /'vektə/ | n. | a quantity that has both size and direction. | n. 矢量, 传病媒介；v. (用无线电)导引, 给...导航 | L3 |
| electron | /ɪˈlektrɒn/ | n. | a negatively charged particle | n. 电子 | B2 |
| receptor | /ri'septə/ | n. | a device that receives information; in physiology: a nerve ending that changes stimuli into impulses | n. 受体, 感觉器官 | L3 |
| theorem | /'θiərəm/ | n. | a statement that can be proved | n. 定理, 原理 | L3 |
| fluid | /ˈfluːɪd/ | adj. | a material that can easily flow. e.g. water | n. 液体；流体；adj. 不固定的；易变的 | B2 |
| developmental | /di.veləp'mentəl/ | adj. | concerning the development or growth | adj. 发展的, 进化的, 启发的 | L2 |
| bound | /baʊnd/ | v. | to go to a specified place; to jump | adj. 必定的；很可能的；adj. 前往某地的 | B2 |
| molecular | /mə'lekjulə/ | adj. | about or caused by molecules | adj. 分子的, 由分子组成的 | L2 |
| transformation | /ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃən/ | n. | a complete change in shape or form of something | n. 彻底变化；改造；转型 | C1 |
| spatial | /ˈspeɪʃəl/ | adj. | about space | adj. 空间的；空间关系的 | C1 |
| coefficient | /ˌkəʊɪˈfɪʃənt/ | adj. | a number multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression. | n. 系数 | C2 |
| translation | /trænzˈleɪʃən/ | n. | changing from one form to another. e.g. changing from one language to another | n. 翻译；n. 译文；译本 | B1 |
| membrane | /'membrein/ | n. | a thin covering of tissue. | n. 薄膜, 膜, 羊皮纸 | L3 |
| neuron | /'njuərɔn/ | n. | a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system. | n. 神经原, 轴索, 神经细胞 | L3 |
| simulation | /.simju'leiʃən/ | n. | a copy; a method that is used to study and analyze the characteristics of the real world | n. 模拟, 假冒物, 模仿 | L2 |
| lexical | /'leksikl/ | adj. | about words | adj. 字典的, 词汇的 | L3 |
| regime | /reɪˈʒiːm/ | n. | a system of management; a form of government | n. 政权；政治体制；n. 管理制度；生活安排 | C1 |
| variance | /ˈveəriəns/ | n. | (statistics) amount of difference in distributions | n. 差异；不一致；n. 方差 | C1 |
| marker | /'mɑ:kə/ | n. | something that is easy to recognize or identify | n. 作记号的人, 记分员, 书签, 纪念碑, 里程碑, 标识物, 标记 | L2 |
| empirical | /ɪmˈpɪrɪkəl/ | adj. | based on observation or experiment | adj. 实证的；基于观察的 | C1 |
| statistical | /stəˈtɪstɪkəl/ | adj. | about statistics | adj. 统计的；统计学的 | B2 |
| vowel | /ˈvaʊəl/ | n. | a speech sound; a, e , i, o, u and sometimes y | n. 元音；元音字母 | B1 |
| equilibrium | /ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm/ | n. | a state of balance | n. 平衡；均衡状态；n. 心情平静；心理平衡 | C1 |
| intensity | /in'tensəti/ | n. | great energy, strength, or concentration | n. 强烈, 紧张, 强度 | L2 |
| regression | /ri'greʃən/ | n. | going back; in statistics: a type of correlational procedure that focuses on predicting the values of an outcome based on its correlation with another variable. | n. 退步, 回归 | L2 |
| identification | /aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | n. | (card or paper) that proves who a person is | n. 识别；鉴定；n. 身份证明 | B2 |
| node | /nəud/ | n. | an intersection or junction point in a network; a part on a plant where a new leaf grows | n. 节, 结节, 瘤 | L3 |
| partial | /'pɑ:ʃəl/ | adj. | not complete; being only part of something | adj. 部分的, 偏袒的, 偏爱的；n. 分音 | L2 |
| correlate | /'kɒrəleit/ | v. | to show the relationship between two items or events. | n. 有相互关系的东西, 相关物；v. 使有相互关系 | L2 |
| mortality | /mɒ:'tæləti/ | n. | the quality or state of being human and being able to die | n. 必死的命运, 死亡数目, 死亡率 | L2 |
| antibody | /'æntibɒdi/ | n. | a defense provided by the body against disease | n. 抗体 | L3 |
| temporal | /ˈtempərəl/ | adj. | concerning time | adj. 时间的；adj. 世俗的；非宗教的 | C1 |
| particle | /'pɑ:tikl/ | n. | a very small piece of something | n. 颗粒, 粒子, 质点, 极小量 | L2 |
| duration | /dju'reiʃən/ | n. | the length of time that something lasts | n. 持续时间, 持续 | L2 |
| behavioral | /bi'heivjərəl/ | adj. | concerning the way people act | adj. 行为的 | L2 |
| sensitivity | /.sensə'tiviti/ | n. | being sensitive; in physiology: the ability of an organism or part of an organism to react to stimuli; in electronics: the ability of a radio device to react to incoming signals | n. 敏感, 灵敏度 | L2 |
| similarity | /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ | n. | the degree to which people or things are the same | n. 相似；相似点 | B1 |
| optimal | /ˈɒptɪməl/ | adj. | best | adj. 最佳的；最适宜的 | C1 |
| explicit | /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ | adj. | definite; clearly stated; specific | adj. 明确的；直言的 | C1 |
| mutation | /mjuːˈteɪʃən/ | n. | a change; in genetics: any event that changes genetic structure | n. 基因突变 | C1 |
| colonial | /kəˈləʊniəl/ | adj. | of a system where one country controls another | adj. 殖民的；殖民地的 | C1 |
| spectrum | /ˈspektrəm/ | n. | the wavelengths of colors from red to violet | n. 范围；系列；n. 光谱；频谱 | C1 |
| phonological | adj. | concerning sound | adj. 音位学的, 音韵学的 | L3 | |
| nucleus | /ˈnjuːkliəs/ | n pl. | control center of a cell | n. 细胞核；n. 原子核 | C1 |
| onset | /ˈɒnset/ | n. | the beginning | n. 开始；发作 | C1 |
| integration | /.inti'greiʃən/ | n. | act of bringing things together into a whole | n. 综合, 与环境协调的行为, 集成 | L2 |
| dominant | /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ | adj. | strongest | adj. 占主导地位的；支配的；adj. 显性的 | B2 |
| pathway | /'pɑ:θwei/ | n. | a path or way that you can walk | n. 路径, 途径 | L2 |
| coordinate | /kəu'ɒ:dineit/ | v. | to bring order and organization to something; in maths: any of the magnitudes that serve to define the position of a point or line by reference to a fixed figure or system of lines. | n. 同等的人(或物), 坐标；adj. 同等的, 并列的 | L2 |
| calculation | /ˌkælkjʊˈleɪʃən/ | n. | process or result of using mathematics | n. 计算；计算结果；n. 估计；权衡 | B2 |
| precede | /prɪˈsiːd/ | v. | to go before | v. 先于；在……之前发生；v. 走在……前面 | C1 |
| subset | /'sʌbset/ | n. | a small set which is part of a larger set | n. 子集 | L3 |
| syntactic | /sin'tæktik/ | adj. | grammatical | adj. 句法的, 句法上的, 按照句法规则的 | L3 |
| orientation | /ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃən/ | n. | the ability to locate oneself in your environment with reference to time, place, and people | n. 入职或入学指导；n. 朝向；方位 | C1 |
| proposition | /ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/ | n. | an idea; a suggestion | n. 提议；建议；n. 主张；命题 | C1 |
| identical | /aɪˈdentɪkəl/ | adj. | the same in every way | adj. 完全相同的 | B2 |
| prevalence | /'prevələns/ | n. | widespread, common, general | n. 普遍, 流行, 广泛 | L3 |
| differential | /difə'renʃəl/ | adj. | difference; diversity | adj. 差别的, 特异的, 微分的；n. 差别, 两路线运费差额, 工资差额 | L3 |
| generalize | /'dʒenərəlaiz/ | v. | To apply a particular idea to a large group | v. 一般化, 概括, 推广；v. 形成概念, 笼统讲 | L3 |
| beam | /biːm/ | n. | a long piece of metal or wood; a line of light or energy | n. 光束；射束；n. 梁；横梁 | B2 |
| pulse | /pʌls/ | n. | beat of the heart | n. 脉冲, 脉搏, 情绪, 意向, 拍子, 豆类；v. 跳动, 脉跳 | L2 |
| norm | /nɔːm/ | n. | an established standard of performance or behavior | n. 常态；通常标准；n. 行为规范 | B2 |
| trait | /treɪt/ | n. | a characteristic | n. 特征；性格特点 | B2 |
| prediction | /prɪˈdɪkʃən/ | n. | a statement of what will happen next. | n. 预测；预言 | B1 |
| correspondence | /ˌkɒrəˈspɒndəns/ | n. | Communication by letters, emails or text messages | n. 通信；往来信件；n. 一致；对应关系 | C1 |
| essentially | /ɪˈsenʃəli/ | adv. | basically, primarily | adv. 本质上；基本上 | B2 |
| syllable | /'siləbl/ | n. | a unit of speech | n. 音节；v. 分成音节 | L3 |
| chromosome | /'krəuməsəum/ | n. | cell structures that carry the genetic material that is copied and passed to the next generation. | n. 染色体 | L3 |
| infect | /ɪnˈfekt/ | v. | to give someone a disease | v. 使感染；传染；v. 感染；影响情绪 | B2 |
| magnetic | /mæg'netik/ | adj. | having the properties of a magnet, being able to attract. | adj. 有磁性的, 有吸引力的, 催眠术的 | L2 |
| configuration | /kən.figju'reiʃən/ | n. | a shape or outline; a method of arrangement | n. 结构, 表面配置, 外形, 配置 | L2 |
| numerical | /njuːˈmerɪkəl/ | adj. | includes numbers | adj. 数字的；用数字表示的 | B2 |
| namely | /'neimli/ | adv. | that is to say, specifically | adv. 即, 就是, 换句话说 | L2 |
| intermediate | /ˌɪntəˈmiːdiət/ | adj. | between | adj. 中级的；中间的；n. 中级学习者 | B1 |
| transmission | /trænzˈmɪʃən/ | n. | an electronic signal that has been sent by radio waves; a force that has been transferred from one machine to another | n. 传输；传播；传递；n. 广播；电视播送 | C1 |
| dose | /dəus/ | n. | an amount of medicine to be taken at any one time | n. 剂量, 服用量；v. 给药, (用药)医治 | L2 |
| occurrence | /əˈkʌrəns/ | n. | specific instance of something happening | n. 发生的事；事件；n. 发生；出现 | C1 |
| maternal | /mə'tə:nl/ | adj. | having to do with being a mother | adj. 母亲的, 母系的, 母方的 | L3 |
| axis | /ˈæksɪs/ | n. | a line about which a rotating body, such as the earth, turns. | n. 轴；旋转轴线；n. 坐标轴 | B2 |
| rational | /'ræʃənl/ | adj. | sensible; based on facts | adj. 理性的, 合理的；n. 有理数 | L2 |
| locus | /'ləukəs/ | n. | a place or location; in genetics: the location of a gene on a chromosome | n. 轨迹；地点, 所在地 | L3 |
| elite | /ei'li:t/ | n. | important people of high status | n. 精华, 精锐, 中坚分子 | L2 |
| approximation | /əˌprɒksɪˈmeɪʃən/ | n. | something that is similar, but not an exact copy | n. 近似值；粗略估计；n. 近似物；近似表现 | C1 |
| classification | /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | n. | putting similar items into groups or sets | n. 分类；归类；n. 类别；等级 | B2 |
| threshold | /ˈθreʃhəʊld/ | n. | a level or point at which something would start or stop happening. | n. 阈值；界限；n. 门槛 | C1 |
| syndrome | /ˈsɪndrəʊm/ | n. | a group of signs and symptoms that accompany a disease | n. 综合征 | C1 |
| comparative | /kəmˈpærətɪv/ | adj. | expressing a difference in degree | adj. 比较的；对比的；adj. 相对的；比较而言的 | B2 |
| activate | /ˈæktɪveɪt/ | v. | To make something start working | v. 激活；启动 | B2 |
| vocabulary | /vəˈkæbjələri/ | n. | the words that a person knows | n. 词汇量；词汇；n. 专业词汇 | A2 |
| utterance | /ˈʌtərəns/ | n. | something that is said | n. 话语；言论；n. 说出；发声 | C1 |
| encode | /in'kəud/ | v. | to change a message or information into code | v. 把(电文、情报等)译成密码 | L3 |
| facilitate | /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ | v. | To make an action or process easier | v. 促进；使便利 | C1 |
| incidence | /'insidəns/ | n. | the rate that something happens | n. 发生, 发生率, 影响, 负担者, 入射, 倾角 | L2 |
| induction | /ɪnˈdʌkʃən/ | n. | bringing about, or causing | n. 入职培训；正式就任；n. 归纳推理 | C1 |
| trajectory | /trə'dʒektri/ | n. | the path followed by an object moving through space | n. 轨道, 弹道, 轨线 | L3 |
| manuscript | /'mænjuskript/ | n. | a document, a piece of writing | n. 手稿, 原稿, 底稿；adj. 手写的 | L2 |
| commonly | /ˈkɒmənli/ | adv. | typically, normally; not unusually | adv. 通常；普遍地 | B2 |
| grammatical | /ɡrəˈmætɪkəl/ | adj. | concerning grammatical rules | adj. 语法的；adj. 符合语法的 | B2 |
| accuracy | /ˈækjərəsi/ | n. | being exactly right; correctness | n. 准确性；精确度 | B2 |
| amplitude | /'æmplitju:d/ | n. | the breadth, width or largeness of something | n. 广阔, 充足, 幅度 | L3 |
| adaptation | /ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/ | n. | changing to a new form; thing that is changed | n. 适应；适应性变化；n. 改编作品 | B2 |
| cortex | /'kɒ:teks/ | n. | the outer part of an organ or structure | n. 皮层 | L3 |
| minimal | /ˈmɪnɪməl/ | adj. | the smallest possible | adj. 极少的；最低限度的 | B2 |
| systematic | /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/ | adj. | done in a thorough, logical or planned way | adj. 有系统的；有条理的 | B2 |
| horizontal | /ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntəl/ | adj. | flat or level | adj. 水平的；横向的 | B2 |
| synthesis | /ˈsɪnθəsɪs/ | n pl. | building something complex from simple parts | n. 综合；融合；n. 化学合成 | C1 |
| projection | /prə'dʒekʃən/ | n. | an image on a screen | n. 发射, 计划, 突出部分, 设计, 推测 | L2 |
| diameter | /daɪˈæmɪtə/ | n. | the distance across the center of an object | n. 直径 | B2 |
| cone | /kəun/ | n. | a 3D shape with a circular base; a part of the eye | n. 圆锥体, 球果；v. 使成锥形 | L2 |
| dependence | /dɪˈpendəns/ | n. | relying on someone for (financial) support | n. 依赖；依靠；n. 成瘾；依赖性 | B2 |
| emergence | /i'mə:dʒəns/ | n. | the process of emerging/coming out | n. 出现, 浮现, 发生 | L2 |
| overlap | /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/ | v. | To lie over or cover a part of something else | v. 部分重叠；有共同之处；n. 重叠部分；共同之处 | C1 |
| substitution | /.sʌbsti'tju:ʃən/ | n. | a person or thing acting or serving in place of another; to put (a person or thing) in the place of another. | n. 代替, 替换, 代替物 | L3 |
| explicitly | adv. | clearly; specifically | adv. 明确地；明白地 | L2 | |
| evident | /ˈevɪdənt/ | adj. | plain, clear | adj. 明显的；显而易见的 | B2 |
| conceptual | /kən'septʃuəl/ | adj. | characterized by concepts or the forming of concepts | adj. 概念的 | L2 |
| detection | /dɪˈtekʃən/ | n. | the act of discovering something or solving a crime | n. 发现；探测；检测 | B2 |
| interact | /ˌɪntərˈækt/ | v. | an action that is answered by a reaction, verbal or physical | v. 交流；互动；v. 相互作用；相互影响 | B2 |
| neural | /'njuərəl/ | adj. | about the nerves or nervous system | adj. 神经的, 神经系统的, 神经中枢的, 背的 | L3 |
| integral | /ˈɪntɪɡrəl/ | adj. | part of something | adj. 不可或缺的；adj. 内置的；一体的 | C1 |
| enzyme | /'enzaim/ | n. | a protein made by cells | n. 酶 | L3 |
| conception | /kənˈsepʃən/ | n. | an idea or notion; the first stage in pregnancy | n. 概念；理解；构想；n. 受孕 | C1 |
| ideology | /ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi/ | n. | ideas or beliefs which form theory and policy | n. 意识形态；思想体系 | C1 |
| quantitative | /ˈkwɒntɪtətɪv/ | adj. | the describing or measuring of quantity. | adj. 定量的；数量的 | C1 |
| sphere | /sfɪə/ | n. | a round 3D object. e.g. a ball | n. 球体；球形；n. 领域；范围 | C1 |
| instability | /.instə'biliti/ | n. | not stable; changeable | n. 不安定, 不稳定 | L2 |
| mediate | /ˈmiːdieɪt/ | v. | to bring about an agreement between persons or groups, act as a helper | v. 调解；斡旋 | C1 |
| specification | /ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | n. | a detailed description of the design and materials used to make something. | n. 规格；技术要求 | C1 |
| classify | /ˈklæsɪfaɪ/ | v. | To arrange things into groups of similar items | v. 分类；归类；v. 将…列为机密 | B2 |
| computation | /ˌkɒmpjuˈteɪʃən/ | n. | the act of calculating; method of computing | n. 计算；计算过程 | C1 |
| oral | /ˈɔːrəl/ | adj. | by mouth | adj. 口头的；口述的；adj. 口腔的；经口的 | B2 |
| indicator | /'indikeitə/ | n. | an instrument that shows conditions in a machine, such as temperature, speed, pressure; in chemistry: a compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base | n. 指示器, 指示剂, 指标 | L2 |
| variant | /ˈveəriənt/ | n. | thing that differs from something of the same kind | n. 变体；变种；adj. 变异的；不同的 | C1 |
| evolutionary | /,i:və'lu:ʃənəri/ | adj. | concerning evolution | adj. 展开的, 进化论的, 进化的, 发展的 | L2 |
| feedback | /ˈfiːdbæk/ | n. | a response to a message; information about a person's behavior | n. 反馈；意见 | B2 |
| collective | /kə'leiktiv/ | adj. | formed by working together as a group | adj. 集体的, 聚集的, 共同的 | L2 |
| arbitrary | /ˈɑːbɪtrəri/ | adj. | unsupported | adj. 任意的；无明确依据的；adj. 专断的；武断的 | C1 |
| fraction | /ˈfrækʃən/ | n. | a part of a whole | n. 小部分；少量；n. 分数 | B2 |
| estimation | /ˌestɪˈmeɪʃən/ | n. | judgment; opinion; guess at the value of | n. 估算；估计；n. 评价；看法 | B2 |
| nonlinear | /nɒn'liniə/ | adj. | not in a line | adj. 非线性的 | L3 |
| deviation | /ˌdiːviˈeɪʃən/ | n. | not standard or normal; in statistics: the difference between one of a set of values and some fixed value, usually the mean of the set. | n. 偏离；背离；n. 偏差 | C1 |
| compact | /kəm'pækt/ | adj. | packed together; closely united; small | adj. 紧凑的, 紧密的, 简洁的；v. 使紧密结合, 压缩 | L2 |
| diagram | /ˈdaɪəɡræm/ | n. | a drawing intended to explain how something works | n. 示意图；图解；v. 用图解表示 | B1 |
| tropical | /'trɒpikl/ | adj. | hot and humid; near to the equator | adj. 热带的, 热情的 | L2 |
| morphology | /mɒ:'fɒlədʒi/ | n. | the study of the forms and structures of plants, animals and words | n. 形态学, 词法, 形态 | L3 |
| thereby | /ˌðeəˈbaɪ/ | adv. | by that means; because of that | adv. 从而；借此 | C1 |
| syntax | /'sintæks/ | n. | the study of a system, such as the system of words in a sentence | n. 句法, 语法, 句子构造 | L3 |
| defect | /ˈdiːfekt/ | n. | a problem; a fault | n. 缺陷；瑕疵；v. 叛离；投奔另一方 | B2 |
| separation | /.sepə'reiʃən/ | n. | a line that seperates; a point of parting; a gap | n. 分离, 分居, 缺口, 退职 | L2 |
| convergence | /kən'və:dʒəns/ | n. | coming together | n. 集中, 收敛 | L3 |
| sufficiently | /səˈfɪʃəntli/ | adv. | to a degree great enough to do something | adv. 足够地；充分地 | B2 |
| valid | /ˈvælɪd/ | adj. | sound; just; well-founded | adj. 有效的；正式认可的；adj. 有根据的；合理的 | B2 |
| radiation | /ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən/ | n. | energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays, waves or particles. | n. 辐射；辐射能；n. 放射治疗 | B2 |
| vertical | /ˈvɜːtɪkəl/ | adj. | a line going up/down; not horizontal | adj. 垂直的；竖直的；n. 垂直线；竖直位置 | B2 |
| embed | /ɪmˈbed/ | v. | to place or set inside rock, etc | v. 使嵌入；使牢固置入；v. 嵌入数字内容 | C1 |
| acute | /əˈkjuːt/ | adj. | strong; very serious or severe | adj. 严重的；强烈的；adj. 急性的 | C1 |
| utility | /juːˈtɪləti/ | n. | being useful; a public service such as gas, water, or electricity that is used by everyone | n. 实用性；效用；n. 公用事业；公共服务 | C1 |
| complement | /'kɒmplimənt/ | n. | something needed to complete or make perfect | n. 补足物, 补语, 补数；v. 补充, 补足 | L2 |
| leaf | /li:f/ | n. | the green part of a tree or plant | n. 叶, 树叶, 花瓣, 页；v. 生叶, 翻书页 | L1 |
| verbal | /ˈvɜːbəl/ | adj. | using speech, rather than being written | adj. 口头的；非书面的；adj. 言语的；与词语有关的 | B2 |
| aggregate | /'ægrigət/ | n. | a sum total amount of something | n. 合计, 总计, 聚集体；adj. 合计的, 聚集的 | L3 |
| corpus | /'kɒ:pəs/ | n pl. | a body; in linguistics: a body of words | n. (事物的)主体, 文集, 本金, 语料库 | L3 |
| organ | /ˈɔːɡən/ | n. | large wind instrument similar to a piano | n. 器官；n. 管风琴；风琴 | B2 |
| gradient | /'greidiənt/ | n. | a measure of how steep something is | n. 倾斜度, 梯度, 坡度, 斜率；adj. 渐升的, 渐降的, 步行的 | L3 |
| methodology | /ˌmeθəˈdɒlədʒi/ | n. | system of practices or techniques to show how to do tasks | n. 研究方法体系；方法论 | C1 |
| entity | /ˈentəti/ | n. | something that is real | n. 独立实体；机构 | C1 |
| tumor | /'tju:mə/ | n. | a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably | n. 肿大, 肿块, 瘤, 赘生物, 肿瘤 | L2 |
| fiber | /'faibə/ | n. | a thin, threadlike part of an animal hair or plant tissue; an artificial thread; body cells that form muscles and nerves; a food substance | n. 纤维, 构造, 纤维制品 | L2 |
| paradigm | /'pærədaim/ | n. | a set of ideas that are used for understanding or explaining something | n. 范例, 式样, 词形变化表, 纵聚合关系语言项 | L2 |
| psychology | /saɪˈkɒlədʒi/ | n. | the study of the mind and how it affects behaviour | n. 心理学；n. 心理特点；心理状态 | B2 |
| infinite | /ˈɪnfɪnət/ | adj. | without an end | adj. 无限的；无穷的；adj. 极大的；无尽的 | B2 |
| diverse | /daɪˈvɜːs/ | adj. | very different from each other | adj. 多种多样的；不同的 | B2 |
| diagnostic | /daiəg'nɒstik/ | adj. | to do with finding out the cause of a problem | adj. 诊断的, 有助于诊断的, 特征的；n. 诊断, 病的征候, 诊断法 | L2 |
| continuity | /.kɒnti'nju:iti/ | n. | continued existence; fact of not stopping | n. 连续性 | L2 |
| variability | /.vєəriə'biliti/ | n. | (statistics) degree scores depart from the mean | n. 易变, 变化性, 变异性 | L3 |
| outer | /'autə/ | adj. | on or around something | adj. 外部的, 外面的, 在外的, 远离中心的 | L2 |
| notation | /nəu'teiʃən/ | n. | a set of written signs or shapes that are used in music or mathematics | n. 记号, 符号表示法, 注释 | L3 |
| probe | /prəʊb/ | v. | a system or piece of equipment that is used to get information; in medicine: a long thin instrument used for looking inside your body | v. 深入调查；探查；n. 深入调查 | C1 |
| mathematical | /ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl/ | adj. | concerning numbers and equations | adj. 数学的 | B2 |
| likelihood | /ˈlaɪklihʊd/ | n. | the chance that something might happen | n. 可能性 | B2 |
| comparable | /'kɒmpərəbl/ | adj. | being similar in some way | adj. 可比较的, 比得上的 | L2 |
| magnitude | /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ | n. | size or importance | n. 巨大程度；规模；重要性；n. 震级 | C1 |
| array | /əˈreɪ/ | n. | a large group of people or things; a regular order or arrangement; in maths: a series of figures. | n. 大批；一系列；n. 阵列；数组 | C1 |
| inclusion | /in'kluʒən/ | n. | act of including; person/thing that is included | n. 包含, 内含物 | L2 |
| inference | /ˈɪnfərəns/ | n. | an opinion that you form based on information you already have | n. 推断；推论 | C1 |
| consciousness | /ˈkɒnʃəsnəs/ | n. | being awake | n. 清醒状态；知觉；n. 意识；认识 | B2 |
| simultaneously | /siməl'teiniəsly; (?@) saim-/ | adv. | at the same time as | adv. 同时发生, 一齐, 同时, 同时存在 | L2 |
| disturbance | /dɪˈstɜːbəns/ | n. | a noise or something that stops you from continuing what you were doing | n. 干扰；打扰；n. 骚乱；混乱 | B2 |
| hierarchy | /ˈhaɪərɑːki/ | n. | a system for organizing people or things according to their importance | n. 等级制度；层级结构；n. 统治集团；领导层 | C1 |
| rotation | /rəʊˈteɪʃən/ | n. | movement in a circle around a central point | n. 旋转；转动；n. 轮换；轮作 | B2 |
| validity | /və'liditi/ | n. | how true something is; in statistics: the ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure. | n. 有效性, 正确性 | L2 |
| periodic | /ˌpɪəriˈɒdɪk/ | adj. | happening regularly, but not frequently | adj. 周期性的；定期的 | C1 |
| archaeology | /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi/ | n. | the study of ancient societies by looking at old tools, bones and buildings | n. 考古学 | B2 |
| modification | /ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | n. | a small change to a machine, system, or plan | n. 修改；改进 | B2 |
| partition | /pɑːˈtɪʃən/ | n. | a wall, screen, or piece of glass used to separate one area from another | n. 隔墙；隔板；n. 分割；分治 | C1 |
| initiate | /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ | v. | to start | v. 发起；启动；v. 使入门；接纳入会 | C1 |
| autonomy | /ɔːˈtɒnəmi/ | n. | the power to make independent decisions | n. 自主权；自治权 | C1 |
| inhibit | /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/ | v. | to make it difficult for a process to start or continue in a normal way | v. 抑制；阻碍；v. 使拘谨；使不敢表达 | C1 |
| consonant | /ˈkɒnsənənt/ | adj. | a speech sound; any letter in the alphabet that is not a vowel. | n. 辅音；辅音字母；adj. 一致的；相符的 | B2 |
| scenario | /si'nɑ:riəu/ | n. | an outline; an imagined sequence of events in a plan or project | n. 剧本提纲, 情节, 剧本, 方案, 事态 | L2 |
| conditional | /kən'diʃənl/ | adj. | depending (on) | adj. 有条件的, 有前提的 | L3 |
| contrary | /ˈkɒntrəri/ | adj. | different; opposite | adj. 相反的；相违背的；n. 相反的情况 | B2 |
| discrete | /dɪˈskriːt/ | adj. | separate; composed of distinct parts | adj. 独立的；分离的 | C1 |
| morphological | /,mɔ:fə'lɔdʒikəl/ | adj. | the study of form and structure | adj. 形态的, 形态学的, 词法的 | L3 |
| lateral | /'lætərəl/ | adj. | on the side; moving sideways | n. 侧部, 支线, 边音；adj. 侧面的, 旁边的 | L3 |
| injection | /ɪnˈdʒekʃən/ | n. | a way to put (inject) a drug or another substance into your body | n. 注射；n. 资金等的注入 | B1 |
| effectiveness | /ɪˈfektɪvnəs/ | n. | the degree of how well something works or is done | n. 有效性；成效 | B2 |
| insect | /ˈɪnsekt/ | n. | a small animal with 6 legs, such as a bee or ant | n. 昆虫 | A2 |
| logical | /ˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ | adj. | sensible; reasonable | adj. 合乎逻辑的；合理的；adj. 逻辑学的 | B2 |
| calculus | /'kælkjuləs/ | n. | a type of mathematics used for calculating such things as the slopes of curves | n. 结石；微积分学 | L3 |
| usage | /ˈjuːsɪdʒ/ | n. | the way something is used | n. 使用；使用量；n. 词语用法；惯用法 | B2 |
| longitudinal | /.lɒndʒi'tju:dinəl/ | adj. | going from the top to the bottom of something | adj. 经度的, 经线的, 纵的 | L3 |
| neutral | /ˈnjuːtrəl/ | adj. | not involved; without strong feeling; without electrical charge; not acidic or akaline | adj. 中立的；不偏不倚的；adj. 中性色的；素净的 | B2 |
| marginal | /ˈmɑːdʒɪnəl/ | adj. | very small; on the edge; not important | adj. 微小的；不重要的；adj. 边缘的；非核心的 | C1 |
| characterization | /,kæriktərai'zeiʃən/ | n. | the way someone or something is described | n. 特性描述, 人物之塑造 | L3 |
| ethical | /'eθikəl/ | adj. | morally right or wrong | adj. 伦理的, 民族的, 民族特有的 | L2 |
其他话题
数据来源与致谢
- 词目和英文释义: New General Service List 1.2 & New Academic Word List 1.2 — Browne, C., Culligan, B. & Phillips, J., CC BY-SA 4.0
- 音标、CEFR 等级、例句和中文释义: Word Atlas — Word Atlas contributors — CC BY 4.0. 修改说明：选取部分字段，释义精简，中文转换为繁体。
- 补充音标和中文翻译: ECDICT (MIT)
- 复习排程: ts-fsrs (MIT)
- 话题分组和所有页面文字均为本站原创。