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雅思词汇:图表与趋势(小作文)

雅思学术类写作 Task 1 要求你用至少 150 词描述图表、表格或流程图。考官关注两点:是否概括了主要趋势,以及描述变化和比较的语言是否准确。本词组专为这项任务设计,口语中描述事物变化时也同样适用。

先掌握表示变化的动词。上升:increase、rise、grow、double;下降:decrease、fall、decline、drop;上下波动:fluctuate。曲线可能达到 peak,在 plateau 处趋于平稳,或保持 stable、steady;stabilise 描述变化停止的时刻。很多词也可作名词,便于变换句式:"Sales rose sharply" 或 "There was a sharp rise in sales."

接着学习描述变化幅度和速度的词。幅度:slight、moderate、considerable、significant、dramatic,以及副词 slightly、significantly、dramatically。速度:gradual、gradually、steady、rapid、rapidly、sharp、sharply。一个动词搭配一个副词,就能得到 increased gradually、fell dramatically 这样精确自然的表达。

本词组其余部分是比较和数据表达。proportion、percentage、figure、total、majority、average 描述数量;approximately 和 roughly 用于约数;respectively 按顺序把多个对象与多个数据对应起来。比较时用 compare、comparison、contrast、whereas:"Car use doubled, whereas bus use fell slightly." 最后,overall 是概述句的经典信号词,estimate、predict、forecast 则用于描述预测未来的图表。

每天用卡片练习几分钟:今天的词明天隔夜复习,之后间隔逐渐拉长。每次学完,找一张简单的图表(新闻网站或教材上都可以),用四句话描述它,并使用本词组至少六个单词。

学习这 49 个单词 做个测验

单词音标词性英文释义中文等级
increase/ɪnˈkriːs/v.to make or become something larger in size or amountv. 增加;提高;n. 增加;增长A2
decrease/dɪˈkriːs/v.to reduce the size, amount, or number of somethingv. 减少;降低;n. 减少;减少量B1
rise/raɪz/v.to move from a lower position to a higher onev. 上升;增加;上涨;v. 起身;站起来A2
fall/fɔːl/v.dropping from a standing position to the groundv. 落下;跌倒;下降;n. 跌落;下降A1
decline/dɪˈklaɪn/v.to not accept an invitation or offer; refusev. 下降;衰退;n. 下降;衰退B2
drop/drɒp/v.to let something fall from your handv. 落下;使掉落;下降;n. 滴;少量液体A2
grow/ɡrəʊ/v.to develop and become bigger or taller over timev. 生长;增长;发展;v. 种植A1
reduction/rɪˈdʌkʃən/n.making something smaller; reducing somethingn. 减少;降低;缩小B2
fluctuate/ˈflʌktʃueɪt/v.Rise and fall irregularly in level, amount, or valuev. 波动;涨落C1
fluctuation/ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃən/n.A change in level or amount, especially up and downn. 波动;起伏C1
peak/piːk/n.the time or place when something or someone is best, greatest, highestn. 顶峰;山峰;最高点;v. 达到最高点B2
plateau/ˈplætəʊ/n.A large area of flat land higher than surrounding landn. 高原;n. 平台期;稳定水平C1
stable/ˈsteɪbəl/adj.in a good situation or condition; not likely to changeadj. 稳定的;稳固的;n. 马厩B2
steady/ˈstedi/adj.firmly fixed, supported, or balanced; not shaking, rocking, or likely to fall overadj. 稳定的;持续平稳的;adj. 稳固的;沉着的B2
stabilise/'steibilaiz/v.v support or hold steady and make steadfast, with or as if with a brace; v become stable or more stablevt.vi. (使)稳定, (使)安定, (使)坚固;v. 装稳定器L3
gradual/ˈɡrædʒuəl/adj.Happening slowly through small changes over timeadj. 逐渐的;渐进的;adj. 坡度平缓的B2
gradually/ˈɡrædʒuəli/adv.occurring in a slow manner over a period of timeadv. 逐渐地;逐步地B1
sharp/ʃɑːp/adj.having a thin edge or point that is able to cutadj. 锋利的;尖的;adj. 急剧的;显著的B1
sharply/'ʃɑ:pli/adv.in a well delineated manner; changing suddenly in direction and degreeadv. 锐利地, 严厉地, 厉害地L2
significant/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/adj.large enough to be noticed or have an effect; importantadj. 重大的;显著的;adj. 意味深长的B2
significantlyadv.in a way that is important or noticeableadv. 值得注目地;意味深长地L1
slight/slaɪt/adj.very small in degree or amountadj. 轻微的;少量的;adj. 纤瘦的B2
slightly/ˈslaɪtli/adv.concerning a small quantity or degreeadv. 稍微;略微B1
dramatic/drə'mætik/adj.sudden and extremeadj. 戏剧性的, 生动的L1
dramatically/drə'mætikli/adv.in a sudden or extreme manneradv. 戏剧地, 引人注目地, 突然地L2
considerable/kənˈsɪdərəbl/adj.large in size, amount, or effectadj. 相当大的;相当多的B2
rapid/ˈræpɪd/adj.happening very quicklyadj. 迅速的;快速的;n. 急流;险滩B2
rapidly/ˈræpɪdli/adv.with great speedadv. 迅速地;快速地B2
moderate/ˈmɒdərət/adj.average in size or amountadj. 适度的;中等的;adj. 温和的;不极端的B2
proportion/prəˈpɔːʃən/n.an amount that is a part of a whole thingn. 比例;部分;n. 比例关系;相称B2
percentage/pəˈsentɪdʒ/n.part of a whole divided into hundredthsn. 百分比;百分率B1
figure/ˈfɪɡə/n.to understand after thinking; work outn. 数字;数值;n. 人物;人影;身形B1
trend/trend/n.general direction of developing, proceedingn. 趋势;潮流;v. 成为热门话题B1
total/ˈtəʊtəl/adj.whole number or amount of somethingadj. 总的;完全的;n. 总数;总额A2
majority/məˈdʒɒrəti/n.amount that is more than half of a groupn. 大多数;过半数;n. 超出对方的票数B2
average/ˈævərɪdʒ/adj.typical or normal; usual; ordinaryadj. 平均的;普通的;n. 平均数;平均水平B1
approximately/əˈprɒksɪmətli/adv.around; nearly; almost; about (a number)adv. 大约;近似地B1
roughly/ˈrʌfli/adv.in an inexact or imprecise manneradv. 大约;粗略地;adv. 粗暴地;粗糙地B1
respectively/ri'spektivli/adv.in the order people or things were mentionedadv. 各自地, 独自地, 个别地, 分别地L2
compare/kəmˈpeə/v.to consider how similar and different things arev. 比较;对比;v. 把……比作A2
comparison/kəmˈpærɪsən/n.looking for differences and similarities in two or more thingsn. 比较;对照B1
contrast/kən'træst/n.to compare; to show clear, obvious differencesn. 差别, 对比, 对照物;v. 使对比L1
whereas/hwєər'æz/conj.taking into consideration the fact thatconj. 然而, 鉴于L2
overall/ˌəʊvərˈɔːl/adj.viewed as a whole; in general, not as detailsadj. 总体的;全部的;adv. 总体上;总的来说B2
double/ˈdʌbəl/adj.two times the amount or degree; twiceadj. 两倍的;双份的;v. 加倍;使翻倍A2
triple/ˈtrɪpəl/adj.Three times as much, or consisting of three partsadj. 三倍的;三部分的;v. 增至三倍;使成三倍B2
estimate/ˈestɪmeɪt/v.guess or calculation of cost, size, or valuev. 估计;估算;n. 估计;估价B2
predict/prɪˈdɪkt/v.to guess or estimate what will or might happenv. 预测;预言B1
forecast/ˈfɔːkɑːst/n.a prediction of some future thing (e.g., the weather)n. 预测;预报;v. 预测;预报B2

其他话题

数据来源与致谢