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雅思词汇:科学与研究

科学词汇在整个雅思考试中都很有用。阅读文章常选自科普杂志,写作 Task 2 可能问政府是否应资助太空探索或医学研究,口语 Part 3 也可能问为什么有些年轻人回避理科。即使你不是科学工作者,也需要清楚表达"知识是如何建立的"。

本词组聚焦科学方法的语言。记住 hypothesis(待检验的假设)、theory(有充分依据的理论)、experiment、observation、sample、method、analysis、conclusion。注意词形:analyse 是动词的英式拼写,analysis 是名词;observe 是动词,observation 是名词;science、scientist、scientific 是一个会经常用到的词族。

接下来是学科与基本构成:physics、chemistry、biology,以及更小尺度的 atom、molecule、cell、gene、organism。genetic 和 evolution 适用于现代医学和自然界相关话题。太空方面有 space、universe、planet、astronaut、telescope,可用于"太空探索是否值得花钱"这一常见作文题。

评价研究质量的词能帮你判断观点:accurate、measure、discovery,以及 phenomenon(复数 phenomena)。"Accurate measurements are essential if an experiment is to support a hypothesis."这样的句子体现了学术上的精确。在阅读中,这些词常提示文章结构,快速识别它们能节省时间。

阅读中的科学文章常使用谨慎的表达,留意 the results suggest、the evidence indicates 这类说法。在自己的写作中采用这种审慎文风,而不是断言某事总是如此,会让论证更具学术性,也更可信。

每天用卡片进行简短学习:新词明天隔夜复习,调度器随后逐步拉开间隔。每次学完,用几句话说明你会如何检验一个简单的说法,比如"Plants grow faster with music",用上 hypothesis、sample、method、conclusion 等词。

学习这 33 个单词 做个测验

单词音标词性英文释义中文等级
science/ˈsaɪəns/n.knowledge of the physical world based on factsn. 科学;自然科学;n. 科学学科A1
scientific/ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/adj.related to scienceadj. 科学的;符合科学方法的B1
scientist/ˈsaɪəntɪst/n.a person who is trained to gain knowledge by making predictions, testing them, and developing theoriesn. 科学家A2
experiment/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/n.test performed to assess new ideas or theoriesn. 实验;试验;v. 做实验;尝试B1
hypothesis/haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/n.idea that leads to further study or discussionn. 假说;假设C1
theory/ˈθɪəri/n.idea or set of ideas that try to explain facts or eventsn. 理论;学说;n. 推测;看法B2
analysis/əˈnæləsɪs/n.careful study to better understand somethingn. 分析;解析B2
analyse/ˈænəlaɪz/v.to examine something carefully to understand its parts or causesv. 分析;细察B2
observe/əbˈzɜːv/v.to watch carefully; to make a commentv. 观察;注意到;v. 遵守;奉行B2
observation/ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃən/n.careful watching and listening; remark or comment on something you have noticedn. 观察;监测;n. 观察所得;评论B2
sample/ˈsɑːmpəl/n.to try something to see if you like it (e.g., food)n. 样品;样本;v. 取样;试尝;体验B2
method/ˈmeθəd/n.organized and planned way of doing somethingn. 方法;办法;n. 条理;系统性A2
discovery/dɪˈskʌvəri/n.learning something for the first timen. 发现;被发现的事物B1
chemical/ˈkemɪkəl/n.a basic substance produced by mixing elementsn. 化学品;化学物质;adj. 化学的B1
physics/ˈfɪzɪks/n pl.the study of heat, light, and other forms of energy and how they affect objectsn. 物理学A2
biology/baɪˈɒlədʒi/n.the study of living thingsn. 生物学;n. 生物特征;生理机制A2
chemistry/ˈkemɪstri/n.the study of the structure of substancesn. 化学;n. 化学组成与变化A2
gene/dʒiːn/n.part of a cell that controls the development and appearance of a living thingn. 基因B2
genetic/dʒəˈnetɪk/adj.concerning the parts of a cell that determine particular characteristicsadj. 基因的;遗传的B2
evolution/ˌiːvəˈluːʃən/n.slow, steady change or developmentn. 进化;n. 演变;逐步发展B2
organism/'ɒ:gənizm/n.living thing, often one that is smalln. 生物, 有机体, 社会组织L2
molecule/'mɒlikju:l/n.two or more atoms chemically combinedn. 分子, 些微L2
cell/sel/n.short for 'cellphone'n. 细胞;n. 牢房;小隔间B1
atom/'ætəm/n.smallest bit that matter can be broken down inton. 原子, 核能, 微粒, 微量L2
space/speɪs/n.empty area with nothing in itn. 空间;空地;间隔;n. 太空A2
universe/ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/n.all of space and everything in itn. 宇宙;n. 独特的世界;体系B1
planet/ˈplænɪt/n.one of the bodies that orbit the sunn. 行星A2
astronaut/ˈæstrənɔːt/n.a person trained to travel and work in spacen. 宇航员;航天员B1
telescope/ˈtelɪskəʊp/n.An instrument that makes distant objects appear closer and clearern. 望远镜;v. 压缩;缩短B1
measure/ˈmeʒə/v.to calculate size, weight or temperature ofv. 测量;衡量;n. 措施;办法B1
accurate/ˈækjərət/adj.correct; not having mistakes or errorsadj. 准确的;精确的;adj. 精准的;命中目标的B2
conclusion/kənˈkluːʒən/n.judgment or opinion after thinking for a whilen. 结论;推断;n. 结尾;结束B1
phenomenon/fi'nɒminən/n.a fact that can be observed and studiedn. 现象, 迹象, 表现, 奇迹, 奇才L1

其他话题

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