雅思词汇：健康
健康话题在雅思中形式多样：obesity 问题日益严重、公共 healthcare 成本上升、现代生活对 mental health 的压力，以及人口老龄化带来的挑战。写作 Task 2 常要求分析原因并提出对策，口语则可能问你如何保持健康，或现在的人是否比过去更健康。
本词组帮助你清楚地描述疾病、治疗和预防。描述疾病：disease、illness、symptom、infection、virus，以及 chronic（慢性的，如 chronic pain）。描述医疗：diagnosis、treatment、therapy、surgery、prescription，以及相关人员 patient、physician、nurse。公共卫生讨论需要 vaccination、epidemic、pandemic、immune 和 prevention——"预防胜于治疗"正是这类作文的常见论点。
生活方式类作文非常常见，务必准确掌握 diet、nutrition、calorie、exercise、fitness。注意英语中的 diet 通常指日常饮食结构，而不只是"节食"。谈心理健康时，stress、anxiety、depression 很有用，但要谨慎使用：它们是严肃的病症，考官欣赏平衡、尊重的语气。addiction 可用于吸烟、饮酒以及过度使用手机等习惯。
人口问题需要 life expectancy、ageing、elderly。例句："As life expectancy rises, governments must spend more on care for elderly citizens." 注意 expectancy 几乎总与 life 连用，the elderly 是正式写作中常见的名词短语。
建议每天进行简短练习：今天学的词明天会隔夜复习，之后每次记住，间隔都会更长。学完后，写一小段关于你所在国家某个健康问题的文字，用卡片上的词说明一个原因和一个解决办法。
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 英文释义 | 中文 | 等级 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| health | /helθ/ | n. | being in a good condition; being well | n. 健康；身体状况；n. 良好状况；兴旺 | A2 |
| medicine | /ˈmedɪsən/ | n. | liquid or pills used to treat illness or pain; the study of treating illness or pain | n. 药；药物；n. 医学；医术 | A2 |
| medical | /ˈmedɪkəl/ | adj. | of or relating to physical health or medicine | adj. 医学的；医疗的；n. 体格检查 | B1 |
| disease | /dɪˈziːz/ | n. | illness that affects a person, animal, or plant | n. 疾病 | A2 |
| illness | /ˈɪlnəs/ | n. | unhealthy condition of the mind or body | n. 疾病；生病 | A2 |
| symptom | /ˈsɪmptəm/ | n. | a change in someone or something that shows they have an illness or problem | n. 症状；n. 征兆；问题的表现 | B1 |
| diagnosis | /.daiəg'nəusis/ | n pl. | a judgment by a doctor about a person’s illness | n. 诊断 | L2 |
| treatment | /ˈtriːtmənt/ | n. | way someone acts toward another | n. 治疗；疗法；n. 对待；待遇 | B1 |
| therapy | /ˈθerəpi/ | n. | treatment intended to help fix your problem or medical illness | n. 治疗；疗法 | B2 |
| surgery | /ˈsɜːdʒəri/ | n. | medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into a body | n. 外科手术；外科学；n. 诊所；诊疗室 | B2 |
| patient | /ˈpeɪʃənt/ | n. | not getting annoyed when things take a long time | n. 病人；患者；adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的 | A2 |
| hospital | /ˈhɒspɪtl/ | n. | building for sick people, with doctors and nurses | n. 医院 | A1 |
| clinic | /ˈklɪnɪk/ | n. | local medical center; department of a hospital | n. 诊所；门诊部 | B1 |
| vaccine | /ˈvæksiːn/ | n. | a substance that trains the immune system to resist disease | n. 疫苗 | B2 |
| vaccination | /ˌvæksɪˈneɪʃən/ | n. | Giving a vaccine to help protect someone against disease | n. 疫苗接种 | B2 |
| infection | /ɪnˈfekʃən/ | n. | act or state of becoming infected with a disease | n. 感染；传染病 | B2 |
| virus | /ˈvaɪrəs/ | n. | a very small, basic living thing that causes disease or sickness | n. 病毒；n. 计算机病毒 | B1 |
| bacteria | /bæk'tiəriə/ | n. | the very small creatures that sometimes cause disease in humans and animals | pl. 细菌 | L2 |
| epidemic | /.epi'demik/ | adj. | a disease affecting many people | n. 传染病, 流行病；adj. 流行的, 传染性的 | L2 |
| pandemic | /pæn'demik/ | adj. | an epidemic that is geographically widespread; epidemic over a wide geographical area | adj. 大流行的, 普遍的, 全世界的 | L3 |
| obesity | /əʊˈbiːsəti/ | n. | A condition involving excess body fat that can harm health | n. 肥胖症 | B2 |
| diet | /ˈdaɪət/ | n. | the type of food that a person or animal usually eats | n. 日常饮食；n. 特定饮食；节食方案 | A2 |
| nutrition | /njuˈtrɪʃən/ | n. | the process of obtaining and using food for health | n. 营养；营养摄取；n. 营养学 | B2 |
| nutrient | /'nju:triənt/ | n. | a chemical, food, that animals and plants need to live, develop, and be healthy | adj. 营养的, 滋养的；n. 营养物, 滋养物 | L2 |
| calorie | /ˈkæləri/ | n. | A unit measuring energy, especially energy in food | n. 卡路里；热量单位 | B2 |
| vitamin | /ˈvɪtəmɪn/ | n. | a substance that is healthy for your body and can be found in foods or taken as a medicine | n. 维生素 | B2 |
| exercise | /ˈeksəsaɪz/ | n. | to work out to become stronger and healthier | n. 运动；练习；v. 锻炼；运动 | A1 |
| fitness | /ˈfɪtnəs/ | n. | The condition of being physically healthy and strong | n. 身体健康；体能；n. 适合；胜任 | B1 |
| mental | /ˈmentəl/ | adj. | concerning the mind | adj. 精神的；心理的；adj. 脑力的；在头脑中进行的 | B1 |
| stress | /stres/ | n. | to be in a state of mental tension due to problems | n. 精神压力；紧张；v. 强调 | B1 |
| anxiety | /æŋˈzaɪəti/ | n. | fear about what might happen; worry | n. 焦虑；担忧 | B2 |
| depression | /dɪˈpreʃən/ | n. | a feeling of great sadness | n. 抑郁症；抑郁；n. 经济萧条 | B2 |
| sleep | /sliːp/ | v. | to rest your body in bed, as at night time | v. 睡觉；n. 睡眠 | A1 |
| chronic | /ˈkrɒnɪk/ | adj. | over a long time; serious | adj. 慢性的；adj. 长期存在的；反复发生的 | C1 |
| prevention | /prɪˈvenʃən/ | n. | Action taken to stop something unwanted from happening | n. 预防；防止 | B2 |
| immune | /ɪˈmjuːn/ | adj. | not affected by something, such as a disease | adj. 有免疫力的；adj. 免疫系统的 | B2 |
| addiction | /ə'dikʃən/ | n. | being abnormally tolerant to and dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming (especially alcohol or narcotic drugs); an abnormally strong craving | n. 入迷, 瘾 | L2 |
| smoking | /ˈsməʊkɪŋ/ | n. | The activity or habit of breathing in smoke from tobacco | n. 吸烟 | A2 |
| alcohol | /ˈælkəhɒl/ | n. | drinks such as wine, whiskey, beer | n. 酒；含酒精饮品；n. 酒精；乙醇 | B1 |
| drug | /drʌɡ/ | n. | chemical used as a medicine | n. 药物；n. 毒品 | B1 |
| pharmaceutical | /ˌfɑːməˈsuːtɪkəl/ | adj. | relating to medicines or their production | adj. 制药的；药物的；n. 药品 | C1 |
| prescription | /prɪˈskrɪpʃən/ | n. | A doctor's written order for medicine, or the medicine ordered | n. 处方；处方药；n. 解决方案；对策 | B2 |
| physician | /fɪˈzɪʃən/ | n. | a medical doctor | n. 医生；内科医生 | C1 |
| nurse | /nɜːs/ | n. | person trained to care for sick or injured people | n. 护士；v. 护理；照料 | A2 |
| healthcare | /'helθkεə/ | n. | the preservation of mental and physical health by preventing or treating illness through services offered by the health profession | n. 医疗保健；卫生保健；健康护理, 健康服务 | L3 |
| life | /laɪf/ | n. | all the living things (e.g., animals, plants, humans) | n. 生活；人生；n. 生命；生存 | A1 |
| expectancy | /ɪkˈspektənsi/ | n. | A feeling that something pleasant or exciting will happen | n. 期待；期盼；n. 预期寿命；预计持续期 | B2 |
| ageing | /'eidʒiŋ/ | n. | n acquiring desirable qualities by being left undisturbed for some time; n the organic process of growing older and showing the effects of increasing age | n. 变老, 成熟 | L3 |
| elderly | /ˈeldəli/ | adj. | a polite word for 'old', used to describe people | adj. 年老的；上了年纪的 | B2 |
| disability | /disə'biliti/ | n. | a condition that limits a person's ability to do something | n. 无力, 无能, 残疾 | L2 |
| wellbeing | n. | a contented state of being happy and healthy and prosperous | n. 健康, 幸福, 福利, 舒适, 安宁 | L3 | |
| injury | /ˈɪndʒəri/ | n. | physical or emotional harm or damage that a person experiences | n. 身体损伤；受伤 | B1 |
| recover | /rɪˈkʌvə/ | v. | to become healthy after an illness or injury; to get better | v. 康复；恢复；v. 找回；重新获得 | B1 |
| recovery | /rɪˈkʌvəri/ | n. | process of returning to a former state after problems | n. 康复；恢复；n. 找回；收回 | B2 |
其他话题
数据来源与致谢
- 词目和英文释义: New General Service List 1.2 & New Academic Word List 1.2 — Browne, C., Culligan, B. & Phillips, J., CC BY-SA 4.0
- 音标、CEFR 等级、例句和中文释义: Word Atlas — Word Atlas contributors — CC BY 4.0. 修改说明：选取部分字段，释义精简，中文转换为繁体。
- 补充音标和中文翻译: ECDICT (MIT)
- 复习排程: ts-fsrs (MIT)
- 话题分组和所有页面文字均为本站原创。