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雅思词汇:经济与金钱

雅思中的经济题通常关乎日常生活而非理论:贫富差距是否在扩大?政府是否应提高 taxation 来支付公共服务?为什么年轻人越来越难以 afford 住房?写作 Task 1 也常出现支出、价格或 income 相关的数据,所以本词组对两项写作任务都有帮助。

本词组汇集了从国家到个人层面谈论金钱所需的词汇。国家经济:economy、economic、growth、inflation、recession、currency、subsidy。注意 economic(与经济有关的,如 economic growth)和 economical(节省的)的区别,economics 则是"经济学"这门学科。不平等话题:poverty、wealth、wealthy、inequality、welfare、prosperity。

个人理财同样重要。saving、spending、expenditure、debt、mortgage、rent、insurance 可以用来讨论家庭如何管理开支。affordable 在住房和教育题中尤其常用:"Governments should build more affordable homes in big cities." 对比生活必需品和非必需品时,可以用 luxury。

谈论国家时,developing 和 developed 是中性、通用的说法,standard of living 描述人们生活的舒适程度。地道搭配能让文章更自然:interest rates rise and fall、governments impose taxes、take out a mortgage、pay off a debt。

写作 Task 1 的很多图表展示家庭支出、物价或平均收入的变化。把本词组与趋势词组结合使用,可以写出 "Expenditure on housing rose sharply, while spending on luxury goods remained stable." 这样的句子:准确的话题名词加上恰当的趋势动词,描述就会清晰有条理。

每天用卡片练习几分钟:新词明天隔夜复习,之后随着熟悉程度逐步拉开间隔。学完后,试着用五句话概括你所在国家的经济状况,涵盖物价、就业和生活成本,并用上本词组的单词。

学习这 40 个单词 做个测验

单词音标词性英文释义中文等级
economy/ɪˈkɒnəmi/n.total of all the goods, services, and wages in an arean. 经济;经济体;n. 节约;节省B1
economic/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/adj.having to do with trade, industry, and moneyadj. 经济的;经济学的B1
economics/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/n.The study of how societies produce, distribute, and use resourcesn. 经济学;n. 经济因素;经济可行性B1
inflation/ɪnˈfleɪʃən/n.continual rise in the prices of productsn. 通货膨胀;n. 充气B2
recession/rɪˈseʃən/n.A period when economic activity falls and many businesses strugglen. 经济衰退;n. 退缩;消退B2
growth/ɡrəʊθ/n.act of growingn. 增长;增加;n. 生长;成长;发展B1
poverty/ˈpɒvəti/n.being poorn. 贫穷;贫困;n. 匮乏;贫乏B1
wealth/welθ/n.large amount of money and possessionsn. 财富;富有;n. 大量;丰富B2
wealthy/ˈwelθi/adj.having a great amount of money or propertyadj. 富有的;富裕的B2
tax/tæks/n.money taken by a government from its peoplen. 税;税款;v. 对……征税B1
taxation/tækˈseɪʃən/n.The system or process of collecting money through taxesn. 征税;税制C1
subsidy/ˈsʌbsədi/n.Money provided to support activities or keep prices lowern. 补贴;补助金C1
debt/det/n.the sum of money owed to somebody that is not yet paidn. 债务;欠款;n. 人情债;恩情B2
interest/ˈɪntrəst/n.to make someone want to know about somethingn. 兴趣;关注;n. 利息A2
currency/ˈkʌrənsi/n.a money system that a country usesn. 货币;通货;n. 流传;通行B1
exchange/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/v.to give things of similar value to each otherv. 交换;兑换;n. 交换;交流B1
financial/faɪˈnænʃəl/adj.involving moneyadj. 财务的;财政的;金融的B1
bank/bæŋk/n.a financial institution that keeps or lends moneyn. 银行;n. 河岸;湖岸A1
saving/ˈseɪvɪŋ/n.a reduction in the money, time, or resources usedn. 节省;节省的金额;n. 储蓄;存款B1
spending/'spendiŋ/n.the act of spending or disbursing moneyn. 经费, 开销L1
expenditure/ɪkˈspendɪtʃə/n.amount of money used during a certain timen. 支出;花费;n. 精力或时间的消耗C1
cost/kɒst/n.price you pay for somethingn. 费用;成本;v. 价钱为;使花费A2
price/praɪs/n.to determine or set the cost of somethingn. 价格;价钱;n. 代价A1
afford/əˈfɔːd/v.to have enough money to pay for somethingv. 买得起;承担得起;v. 提供;给予B1
affordable/əˈfɔːdəbl/adj.Not too expensive for someone to pay foradj. 负担得起的B2
luxury/ˈlʌkʃəri/n.something expensive or costly that is not needed which is bought for pleasuren. 奢华;奢侈的享受;n. 奢侈品;非必需的享受B1
inequality/.ini'kwɒliti/n.situation where things are not equal/fairn. 不平等, 不同, 不平坦, 不平均;n. 不平等, 不等式L2
capital/ˈkæpɪtəl/n.main, or majorn. 首都;首府;省会;n. 资本;资金B1
fund/fʌnd/n.to supply money for somethingn. 基金;专用资金;n. 资金;财力B2
welfare/ˈwelfeə/n.a government program to help poor peoplen. 健康幸福;福祉;n. 社会福利;救济B2
benefit/ˈbenɪfɪt/n.good result or effect, something advantageousn. 好处;益处;v. 使受益;得益于B1
insurance/ɪnˈʃʊərəns/n.payments to cover potential loss/damage/injury/deathn. 保险;n. 防范措施;保障B1
mortgage/ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ/n.long-term loan from a bank for buying propertyn. 住房抵押贷款;v. 将房产抵押借款B2
rent/rent/n.to pay money for the use of somethingn. 租金;v. 租用;租借A2
tourism/ˈtʊərɪzəm/n.traveling to new places (e.g., abroad, for vacations)n. 旅游业;观光旅游A2
developing/dɪˈveləpɪŋ/adj.Becoming more economically advanced, often with improving living standardsadj. 发展中的;adj. 逐渐形成的;成长中的B1
developed/di'veləpid/adj.being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful; (used of societies) having high industrial developmentadj. 发达的(国家或地区);成熟的L2
prosperity/prɒˈsperəti/n.The state of being economically successful and financially securen. 繁荣;富足C1
standard/ˈstændəd/n.accepted level of quality; an official measurementn. 标准;水准;adj. 标准的;通常的B1
living/ˈlɪvɪŋ/adj.Alive now, rather than dead or without lifeadj. 活着的;有生命的;n. 生计;谋生收入B1

其他话题

数据来源与致谢