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雅思词汇:商业

只要题目涉及公司、购物或广告,商业词汇就派得上用场。写作 Task 2 会问:是否应限制 advertisement?大公司是否权力过大?人们是否买了超出需要的东西?口语 Part 3 考官可能问:为什么某些 brand 如此受欢迎?小店如何与连锁巨头竞争?

本词组整理了商业核心词汇。机构类型:company、corporation、enterprise、startup;相关人群:entrepreneur、investor、shareholder、consumer、customer、client。customer 指在商店购买商品的顾客,client 通常指购买专业服务(如律师咨询)的客户。资金相关:profit、loss、revenue、investment、budget、loan。

市场与竞争是常见主题。用 supply 和 demand 解释价格,用 competition 和 competitor 描述竞争,用 monopoly 指一家公司垄断市场,merger 表示两家公司合并。贸易方面,记住 export、import、retail、wholesale:retail 是面向公众零售,wholesale 是向其他企业大批量批发。

广告题需要 marketing、advertise、brand。注意词族:advertise a product(动词)、run an advertisement(名词,一则广告)、work in advertising(广告行业)。很多考生把 advertising 当作"一则广告"使用,这一区别值得专门练习。其他有用的词对还有 manufacture 与 manufacturer、commerce 与 commercial。

在写作 Task 1 中,商业词汇也适用于销售额、出口或公司利润相关的图表。"Revenue from exports rose steadily, while profits from retail fell" 这样的句子把话题词与趋势语言结合起来,正是考官希望看到的组合。

每天用卡片进行简短练习:今天学的词明天隔夜复习,之后随着记忆巩固间隔越来越长。为了主动运用,挑一家你熟悉的公司,用几句话说明它如何盈利、竞争对手是谁、如何营销产品,并使用本词组的单词。

学习这 43 个单词 做个测验

单词音标词性英文释义中文等级
business/ˈbɪznəs/n.the making, buying, or selling goods or services for moneyn. 商业;生意;n. 企业;商店A1
company/ˈkʌmpəni/n.a business that sells things or provides servicesn. 公司;n. 陪伴;作伴A1
corporation/ˌkɔːpəˈreɪʃən/n.big company or a combination of several companiesn. 大公司;法人企业;n. 市政当局B2
enterprise/'entəpraiz/n.a business or organizationn. 企业, 事业心, 进取心, 干事业L1
industry/ˈɪndəstri/n.factories or businesses that make certain productsn. 工业;制造业;n. 行业B1
commercial/kəˈmɜːʃəl/adj.radio or television advertisementadj. 商业的;营利的;n. 电视或广播广告B2
commerce/ˈkɒmɜːs/n.The activity of buying and selling goods and servicesn. 商业;贸易B2
market/ˈmɑːkɪt/n.public event where people sell goods on tablesn. 集市;市场;n. 市场需求;交易领域A1
marketing/ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ/n.activities that identify customers' needs and promote products or servicesn. 市场营销B2
advertise/ˈædvətaɪz/v.to show how good a product is, to make people buyv. 为…做广告;登广告;v. 登广告征求或招聘B1
advertisement/ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/n.a picture, short film, text, etc., that tells people about a product or servicen. 广告A2
brand/brænd/n.name given to a product or servicen. 品牌;牌子;v. 给…贴负面标签B1
consumer/kənˈsjuːmə/n.person who uses goods or services; individual buyern. 消费者B1
customer/ˈkʌstəmə/n.someone who buys goods or services from a businessn. 顾客;客户A2
client/ˈklaɪənt/n.person paying for professional servicesn. 客户;委托人;n. 客户端B1
product/ˈprɒdʌkt/n.item that can be boughtn. 产品;制品;n. 产物;结果A2
service/ˈsɜːvɪs/n.to maintain a piece of machinery so it runs welln. 服务;公共服务;v. 检修;保养A2
profit/ˈprɒfɪt/n.to earn money from somethingn. 利润;盈利;v. 获利;受益B1
loss/lɒs/n.experience or state of failing to have or keepn. 丧失;遗失;损失;n. 亏损;亏损额B1
revenue/'revinju:/n.money that is made by or paid to a businessn. 收入, 岁入, 税收, 税务局L1
investment/ɪnˈvestmənt/n.something purchased hoping its value will increasen. 投资;投资款;n. 时间或精力的投入B2
investor/in'vestə/n.a person who gives money to help a business grow for a profitn. 投资者L1
shareholder/'ʃєə.həuldə/n.someone who owns a part of a corporationn. 股东L2
competition/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/n.fighting against others when trying to win somethingn. 竞争;n. 比赛;竞赛A2
competitor/kəmˈpetɪtə/n.someone taking part in a race, business, etc.n. 竞争对手;n. 参赛者;选手B1
monopoly/məˈnɒpəli/adv.complete control of the market for a service or productn. 垄断;独占;n. 垄断企业C1
merger/'mə:dʒə/n.n the combination of two or more commercial companies; n an occurrence that involves the production of a unionn. 合并, 归并L2
supply/səˈplaɪ/v.to give or sell goods to others for their usev. 供应;提供;n. 供应;供应量B1
demand/dɪˈmɑːnd/n.to strongly request someone to do something; insistn. 需求;n. 坚决要求B1
export/ɪkˈspɔːt/v.to send goods to be sold in another countryv. 出口;输出;n. 出口;出口商品B1
import/im'pɒ:t/n.to bring items or goods from one country into anothern. 进口货, 进口, 输入, 含义, 重要性;v. 输入, 引入, 进口, 含...的意思, 重要L2
trade/treɪd/n.to buy, sell and exchange goods in businessn. 贸易;交易;v. 买卖;交换B1
retail/ˈriːteɪl/n.concerning the business of selling products to the public for personal usen. 零售;adj. 零售的B2
wholesale/'həulseil/n.the selling of goods to merchants; sell in large quantitiesn. 批发;adj. 批发的, 大规模的L3
manufacturer/.mænju'fæktʃərə/n.a person or company that makes a productn. 制造业者, 厂商L1
manufacture/ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃə/v.to produce large numbers of products in a factoryv. 大量制造;生产;n. 制造;生产B2
entrepreneur/ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː/n.someone who starts a business and takes financial risksn. 创业者;企业家B2
startupthe act of setting in operationL3
franchise/ˈfræntʃaɪz/n.permission to trade under another company's name, or that businessn. 特许经营权;加盟店;n. 选举权C1
strategy/ˈstrætədʒi/n.careful plan or method for achieving a goaln. 策略;战略B2
budget/ˈbʌdʒɪt/n.amount of money planned to be spent on somethingn. 预算;预算额;v. 编制预算B2
finance/ˈfaɪnæns/n.control of money a person/business has access ton. 金融;资金管理;n. 资金B2
loan/ləʊn/n.something (usually money) that is given to someone for a period of time with a promise that it will be returnedn. 贷款;借款;n. 借用;出借B1

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